Parasite richness and abundance within aquatic macroinvertebrates: testing the roles of host- and habitat-level factors.
Parasite richness and abundance within aquatic macroinvertebrates: testing the roles of host- and habitat-level factors.
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水生大型无脊椎动物中的寄生虫丰富度和丰度：测试宿主和栖息地水平因素的作用。
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.2188
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Johnson,PieterTJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McDevitt-Galles,Travis;Calhoun,DanaMarie;Johnson,PieterTJ
寄生虫作为生物群落的成员和宿主群落的结构代理人的重要性越来越受到重视。然而，水生大型无脊椎动物的寄生虫和调节其丰富度和丰度的环境因素仍然缺乏研究。在这里，我们量化的寄生虫丰富度和丰度内的12属的齿科naiads和机会主义采样的水生大型无脊椎动物从35个淡水池塘在弗朗西斯科湾地区的加州，美国我们还测试了相对贡献的主机和栖息地水平的因素在驱动模式的感染丰度最常见的寄生虫（吸虫Haematoloechussp。在若虫豆娘和蜻蜓使用分层广义线性混合模型。在两年的时间里，我们量化了1612人的寄生虫存在和强度。我们确定了6个寄生虫类群：两个双殖吸虫，一个幼虫线虫，一个幼虫棘头虫，一个gregarine，和螨，其中最高的感染率（39%）发生在豆娘属，Ishnurasp。在对Haematoloechussp.发生率、感染流行率和丰度主要与站点水平因素相关，包括最终宿主（青蛙）的存在、若虫齿密度、水pH值和电导率。此外，主机亚目相互作用的存在下，鱼类，豆娘有较高的感染率在网站与鱼类相对于那些没有，而相反的是真实的鱼。这些发现提供了深入了解主机和网站之间的潜在相互作用水平的因素，在塑造寄生虫种群内的大型无脊椎动物类群。
The importance of parasites as both members of biological communities and structuring agents of host communities has been increasingly emphasized. Yet parasites of aquatic macroinvertebrates and the environmental factors regulating their richness and abundance remain poorly studied. Here, we quantified parasite richness and abundance within 12 genera of odonate naiads and opportunistically sampled four additional orders of aquatic macroinvertebrates from 35 freshwater ponds in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, U.S.A. We also tested the relative contributions of host‐ and habitat‐level factors in driving patterns of infection abundance for the most commonly encountered parasite (the trematodeHaematoloechussp.) in nymphal damselflies and dragonflies using hierarchical generalized linear mixed models. Over the course of two years, we quantified the presence and intensity of parasites from 1612 individuals. We identified six parasite taxa: two digenetic trematodes, one larval nematode, one larval acanthocephalan, one gregarine, and a mite, for which the highest infection prevalence (39%) occurred in the damselfly genus,Ishnurasp. Based on the hierarchical analysis ofHaematoloechussp. occurrence, infection prevalence and abundance were associated predominantly with site‐level factors, including definitive host (frog) presence, nymphal odonate density, water pH, and conductivity. In addition, host suborder interacted with the presence of fishes, such that damselflies had higher infection rates in sites with fish relative to those without, whereas the opposite was true for dragonfly nymphs. These findings offer insights into the potential interaction between host‐ and site‐level factors in shaping parasite populations within macroinvertebrate taxa.