A linear upslope-time-delay model for orographic precipitation
A linear upslope-time-delay model for orographic precipitation
复制标题
地形降水的线性上坡时滞模型
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-1694(03)00248-8
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Ronald B. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ronald B. Smith
本文提出了一个简单的平流模式，用于预报复杂地形和任意风向下的降水型。该模型包括与云水转化为水凝物和水凝物的重力沉降有关的时间延迟。使用快速傅里叶变换求解这些方程。该模型进行了测试，对雨量计数据从阿尔卑斯山和雷达数据从拉戈马焦雷地区的西北部意大利，1999年9月20日的暴雨事件。这些降水数据集的问题进行了讨论。在短时滞的限制下，该模型简化为著名的上坡方法。与上坡法相比，上坡-时滞模型的预测能力有明显提高。在未来，该方法可能会扩展到包括气流动力学和下坡蒸发。
A simple advection model is proposed for the prediction of precipitation patterns in complex terrain with arbitrary wind direction. The model includes the time delays associated with the conversion of cloud water to hydrometeors and the gravitational fallout of hydrometeors. These equations are solved using a Fast Fourier Transform. The model is tested against raingauge data from the Alps and radar data from the Lago Maggiore area of northwestern Italy, for the heavy rainfall event on September 20, 1999. Problems with these precipitation data sets are discussed. In the limit of short time delays, the model reduces to the well-known upslope method. Compared with the upslope method, the upslope-time-delay model has a significantly improved predictive skill. In the future, the method may be extended to include airflow dynamics and downslope evaporation.