Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: moving towards precision use for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: moving towards precision use for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer
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DOI：
10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326362
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发表时间：
2022-02-03
期刊：
影响因子：
24.5
通讯作者：
Hull, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aldoori, Joanna;Cockbain, Andrew J.;Hull, Mark A.
来自实验研究的数据表明，海洋omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（O3 FAs）具有抗炎和抗癌特性。在过去的十年中，O3 FA药物递送的大规模随机对照试验和膳食O3 FA摄入量的前瞻性队列研究继续调查O3 FA摄入量与结直肠癌（CRC）风险和死亡率之间的关系。临床数据表明，O3 FA具有不同的抗CRC活性，这取决于几个宿主因素（包括治疗前血液O3 FA水平、种族和全身炎症反应）和肿瘤特征（包括在结直肠中的位置、组织学表型（例如，常规腺瘤或锯齿状息肉）和分子特征（例如，微卫星不稳定性、环氧合酶表达））。最近的数据还强调了需要进一步研究O3 FAs对肠道微生物群的影响，作为单独使用或与其他抗CRC疗法联合使用时可能的抗CRC机制。总的来说，这些数据指向一种精确的方法，基于对预测O3 FAs抗癌活性的宿主、肿瘤和肠道微生物群因素的机械理解，使用O3 FAs进行CRC的最佳预防和治疗。
Data from experimental studies have demonstrated that marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3FAs) have anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In the last decade, large-scale randomised controlled trials of pharmacological delivery of O3FAs and prospective cohort studies of dietary O3FA intake have continued to investigate the relationship between O3FA intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and mortality. Clinical data suggest that O3FAs have differential anti-CRC activity depending on several host factors (including pretreatment blood O3FA level, ethnicity and systemic inflammatory response) and tumour characteristics (including location in the colorectum, histological phenotype (eg, conventional adenoma or serrated polyp) and molecular features (eg, microsatellite instability, cyclooxygenase expression)). Recent data also highlight the need for further investigation of the effect of O3FAs on the gut microbiota as a possible anti-CRC mechanism, when used either alone or in combination with other anti-CRC therapies. Overall, these data point towards a precision approach to using O3FAs for optimal prevention and treatment of CRC based on mechanistic understanding of host, tumour and gut microbiota factors that predict anticancer activity of O3FAs.