Characterization of CO and NO2 exposures of ice skating rink maintenance workers.
Characterization of CO and NO2 exposures of ice skating rink maintenance workers.
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溜冰场维护工人的 CO 和 NO2 暴露特征。
DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2018.1540875
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Alaves,Victor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cox,Aaron;Sleeth,Darrah;Handy,Rodney;Alaves,Victor
由于使用汽油/丙烷冰面重铺设备，空气质量是室内溜冰场设施中普遍关注的问题。虽然以前的研究已经调查了观众，客人和滑冰运动员的暴露，文献回顾显示，很少发表的研究有关冰维修员工的暴露。冰场维护包括修边和重铺路面。表面置换剂通常被称为Zamboni®。磨边之后几乎总是重铺表面，但重铺表面经常独立于磨边发生。本研究的目的是表征冰场维修员工的暴露于CO和NO2。雇员从四个溜冰场在盐湖县，犹他州进行采样，使用直接阅读仪器在日常冰维修活动。维护分为四项活动：1）仅磨边，2）磨边后表面重铺（不包括磨边），3）磨边和表面重铺（活动1和2组合），以及4）仅表面重铺（与磨边无关）。活动1、2和3取样24次（n = 24）。活动4取样八次。使用描述性统计量对采样结果进行绘图和总结。测得的最高CO浓度为202 ppm，发生在磨边过程中。所有活动的平均CO浓度范围为0 ppm至60.4 ppm。在没有磨边的情况下进行表面置换时，观察到最小的CO暴露，这意味着在使用表面置换器时测量到的CO暴露升高可能是之前磨边活动中的残留CO。NO2浓度可以忽略不计的所有溜冰场和所有活动。结果证实，汽油磨边机显着有助于室内CO水平，峰值水平超过一些建议的暴露水平。室内溜冰场设施应监测员工的一氧化碳暴露，并实施限制暴露的程序。这可以通过限制磨边机的圈数或用电动磨边机代替汽油动力磨边机来实现。
Air quality is a common concern among indoor ice rink facilities due to the use of gasoline/propane ice resurfacing equipment. Although previous studies have investigated spectator, guest, and skater exposures, a review of the literature revealed little published research regarding ice maintenance employees’ exposures. Ice maintenance includes edging and resurfacing. The resurfacer is commonly referred to as a Zamboni®. Edging is almost always followed by resurfacing, but resurfacing frequently happens independently of edging. The purpose of this study was to characterize ice rink maintenance employees’ exposures to CO and NO2. Employees from four ice rinks in Salt Lake County, Utah were sampled using direct reading instruments during routine ice maintenance activities. Maintenance was divided into four activities: 1) Edging only, 2) Resurfacing after edging (not including edging), 3) Edging and resurfacing (Activities 1 and 2 combined), and 4) Resurfacing only (independent of edging). Activities 1, 2 and 3 were sampled twenty-four (n = 24) times. Activity 4 was sampled eight times. Sampling results were graphed and summarized using descriptive statistics. The highest measured CO concentration was 202 ppm, which occurred during edging. Average CO concentrations for all activities ranged from 0 ppm to 60.4 ppm. Minimal CO exposure was observed when resurfacing occurred without edging, which implies that elevated CO exposure measured while using the resurfacer may be residual CO from prior edging activities. NO2concentrations were negligible for all rinks and all activities. Results confirmed that gasoline edgers significantly contribute to indoor CO levels, with peak levels exceeding some recommended exposure levels. Indoor ice rink facilities should monitor employees’ CO exposures and implement procedures to limit exposures. This may be achieved by limiting the number of laps taken with the edger or replacing gasoline powered edgers with electric edgers.