Analysis of measurements of Saharan dust by airborne and ground-based remote sensing methods during the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE)
Analysis of measurements of Saharan dust by airborne and ground-based remote sensing methods during the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE)
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DOI：
10.1029/2002jd002493
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发表时间：
2003-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Reid;James E. Kinney;D. Westphal;B. Holben;E. Welton;S. Tsay;D. Eleuterio;J. Campbell;S. Christopher;P. Colarco;H. Jonsson;J. Livingston;H. Maring;M. Meier;P. Pilewskie;J. Prospero;E. Reid;L. Remer;P. Russell;D. Savoie;A. Smirnov;D. Tanré
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Reid;James E. Kinney;D. Westphal;B. Holben;E. Welton;S. Tsay;D. Eleuterio;J. Campbell;S. Christopher;P. Colarco;H. Jonsson;J. Livingston;H. Maring;M. Meier;P. Pilewskie;J. Prospero;E. Reid;L. Remer;P. Russell;D. Savoie;A. Smirnov;D. Tanré
2000年6月中旬和7月，一个由美国海军、美国宇航局和大学科学家组成的研究小组进行了为期26天的波多黎各尘埃实验（PRIDE）。本文简要介绍了研究期间的平均气象条件。我们的研究重点是利用纳瓦霍飞机和AERONET太阳光度计数据，研究非洲沙尘进入加勒比海的情况。在研究期间，波多黎各的中可见气溶胶光学厚度（AOT）平均为0.25，最大>.5，清洁海洋期为~ 0.08。非洲海岸（佛得角群岛和达喀尔）附近的沙尘aot平均为~ 0.4，比往年减少30%。通过分析沙尘垂直剖面以及补充气象学和MPLNET激光雷达数据，我们发现沙尘运输不能轻易归类为任何特定的概念模型。在研究结束时，沙尘的垂直分布与通常假设的撒哈拉空气层（SAL）输送相似。在研究的早期阶段，沙尘在海洋和对流边界层中浓度最高，在SAL中只有一个弱沙尘层存在，这种状态通常与冬季运输模式有关。我们证实了Maring等人[2003]的发现，即在大多数情况下，灰尘颗粒大小的垂直分层出乎意料地缺乏。我们系统地分析了可能影响沙尘垂直分布的过程，并推测沙尘垂直分布主要受非洲气流模式和差平流耦合晴天云夹带、东风波混合和区域沉降的影响。
[1] For 26 days in mid-June and July 2000, a research group comprised of U.S. Navy, NASA, and university scientists conducted the Puerto Rico Dust Experiment (PRIDE). In this paper we give a brief overview of mean meteorological conditions during the study. We focus on our findings on African dust transported into the Caribbean utilizing a Navajo aircraft and AERONET Sun photometer data. During the study midvisible aerosol optical thickness (AOT) in Puerto Rico averaged 0.25, with a maximum >0.5 and with clean marine periods of ∼0.08. Dust AOTs near the coast of Africa (Cape Verde Islands and Dakar) averaged ∼0.4, 30% less than previous years. By analyzing dust vertical profiles in addition to supplemental meteorology and MPLNET lidar data we found that dust transport cannot be easily categorized into any particular conceptual model. Toward the end of the study period, the vertical distribution of dust was similar to the commonly assumed Saharan Air Layer (SAL) transport. During the early periods of the study, dust had the highest concentrations in the marine and convective boundary layers with only a weak dust layer in the SAL being present, a state usually associated with wintertime transport patterns. We corroborate the findings of Maring et al. [2003] that in most cases, there was an unexpected lack of vertical stratification of dust particle size. We systematically analyze processes that may impact dust vertical distribution and speculate that dust vertical distribution predominately influenced by flow patterns over Africa and differential advection coupled with fair weather cloud entrainment, mixing by easterly waves, and regional subsidence.