Driver licensing, motor-vehicle crashes, and moving violations among older adults
Driver licensing, motor-vehicle crashes, and moving violations among older adults
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsr.2019.09.019
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Curry, Allison E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palumbo, Aimee J.;Pfeiffer, Melissa R.;Curry, Allison E.
简介：驾驶对于老年人的健康很重要，但与年龄相关的状况与驾驶减少或停止以及老年驾驶员撞车风险增加有关。我们的目标是描述基于人群的老年驾驶员执照率以及每个驾驶员的碰撞和行驶违规率。方法：我们检查了 2010 年至 2014 年期间所有新泽西州 65 岁以上司机和 35 至 54 岁对照组的个人级别全州驾驶执照、碰撞事故和交通罚单数据。使用泊松回归估计碰撞和移动违规的比率 (RR)。结果：总体而言，65 岁以上的男性和女性分别有 86% 和 71% 持有有效驾驶执照。老年驾驶员的人均碰撞事故率比中年驾驶员低 27%（RR：0.73，95% CI：0.73，0.74），性别差异明显，但致命碰撞率高 40%（RR：1.40 [1.24，1.58]）。老年驾驶员的行驶违规率比中年驾驶员低 72%（RR：0.28 [0.28，0.28]）。结论：大多数老年人都获得了执照，但不同年龄和性别之间存在很大差异。与中年驾驶员相比，老年驾驶员的致命车祸发生率较高，但行驶违规发生率较低。 实际应用：需要未来的研究来了解老年人驾驶的程度，并找到进一步降低老年人发生车祸和由此造成伤害的风险的机会。 (C) 2019 国家安全委员会和爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Introduction: Driving is important for well-being among older adults, but age-related conditions are associated with driving reduction or cessation and increased crash risk for older drivers. Our objectives were to describe population-based rates of older drivers' licensing and per-driver rates of crashes and moving violations. Methods: We examined individual-level statewide driver licensing, crash, and traffic citation data among all New Jersey drivers aged >= 65 and a 35- to 54-year-old comparison group during 2010-2014. Rate ratios (RR) of crashes and moving violations were estimated using Poisson regression. Results: Overall, 86% of males and 71% of females aged >= 65 held a valid driver's license. Older drivers had 27% lower per-driver crash rates than middle-aged drivers (RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.74)-with appreciable differences by sex-but 40% higher fatal crash rates (RR: 1.40 [1.24, 1.58]). Moving violation rates among older drivers were 72% lower than middle-aged drivers (RR: 0.28 [0.28, 0.28]). Conclusion: The majority of older adults are licensed, with substantial variation by age and sex. Older drivers have higher rates of fatal crashes but lower rates of moving violations compared with middle-aged drivers.Practical applications:Future research is needed to understand the extent to which older adults drive and to identify opportunities to further reduce risk of crashes and resultant injuries among older adults. (C) 2019 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.