Conservation of Marine Foundation Species: Learning from Native Oyster Restoration from California to British Columbia
Conservation of Marine Foundation Species: Learning from Native Oyster Restoration from California to British Columbia
复制标题
海洋基础物种保护：从加利福尼亚州到不列颠哥伦比亚省的本土牡蛎恢复中学习
作者：
A. Ridlon;Althea Marks;C. Zabin;D. Zacherl;B. Allen;J. Crooks;Gary B. Fleener;E. Grosholz;B. Peabody;Jodie E. Toft;K. Wasson
海洋基础物种对沿海生态系统的结构和复原力至关重要，并提供关键的生态系统服务。由于许多物种遭受了严重的种群下降，世界各地都在进行基础物种的恢复。奥林匹亚牡蛎(Ostrea Lurida)是基础物种，恢复枯竭的种群是维持北美西海岸河口生态系统功能的优先事项。在这里，我们综合了从美国加利福尼亚州到加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的所有本土牡蛎恢复项目，并分析了项目目标、方法和结果。目前，恢复项目在物种范围内分布不均，受当地不同目标的驱动，实施方法截然不同。我们强调区域战略规划和决策支持工具在评估项目设计和恢复方法方面的价值，包括底物的选择和水产养殖的定向使用。我们建议未来投资于更大的项目，我们的分析发现这些项目更具成本效益，但对于这个物种来说，这种项目相对较少。我们还建议资助者在比过去更广泛的时间和空间尺度上支持监测，以更好地描述恢复对牡蛎种群的长期影响及其提供的超出项目足迹的服务。我们发现，大多数项目成功地支持了本土牡蛎，并吸引了当地社区的参与，并建议采取类似的努力，继续加强对奥林匹亚牡蛎的了解，因为许多沿海居民仍然不熟悉奥林匹亚牡蛎。我们认为，这一综合的结果普遍适用于海洋基础物种，并可为世界各地的恢复和保护工作提供参考。
Marine foundation species are critical to the structure and resilience of coastal ecosystems and provide key ecosystem services. Since many have suffered severe population declines, restoration of foundation species has been undertaken worldwide. The Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) is a foundation species, and the restoration of depleted populations is a priority for maintaining ecosystem function of estuaries along the west coast of North America. Here, we synthesize all native oyster restoration projects conducted from California, USA, to British Columbia, Canada, and analyze project goals, methods, and outcomes. Currently, restoration projects are spread unevenly across the species’ range, driven by locally varying goals and implemented with contrasting approaches. We highlight the value of regional strategic planning and decision support tools to evaluate project design and methods for restoration, including the selection of substrates and the targeted use of aquaculture. We recommend future investment in larger projects, which our analysis found were more cost-effective, but which have been relatively rare for this species. We also recommend that funders support monitoring over broader temporal and spatial scales than in the past to better characterize long-term effects of restoration on oyster populations and the services they provide beyond the project footprint. We found that most projects successfully supported native oysters and engaged local communities, and recommend similar efforts to continue to enhance understanding of Olympia oysters, which remain unfamiliar to many coastal residents. We believe that the results of this synthesis are broadly applicable to marine foundation species generally, and can inform restoration and conservation efforts worldwide.
PISCO：通过组建大规模、长期联盟以综合了解沿海生态系统动态取得进展
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Menge, Bruce;Milligan, Kristen;Caselle, Jennifer;Barth, John;Blanchette, Carol;Carr, Mark;Chan, Francis;Cowen, Robert;Denny, Mark;Gaines, Steven
通讯作者：
Gaines, Steven