Applying the Helmholtz illusion to fashion: horizontal stripes won't make you look fatter.
Applying the Helmholtz illusion to fashion: horizontal stripes won't make you look fatter.
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DOI：
10.1068/i0405
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Mikellidou K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson P;Mikellidou K
由水平线组成的正方形比由垂直线组成的相同正方形显得更高更窄。赫尔曼·冯·赫姆霍尔茨报告了这种错觉，他指出，这种错觉在日常生活中很常见，填满的空间似乎比没有填满的空间大，并补充说，女式连衣裙带有水平条纹会让人看起来更高。由于这一断言与现代流行观念背道而驰，我们调查了衣服上的垂直或水平条纹是否应该让穿着者看起来更高或更胖。我们发现，垂直条纹的矩形需要垂直延伸7.1%才能与水平条纹的正方形的高度相匹配，而水平条纹的矩形必须比垂直条纹的正方形宽4.5%才能与其感知的宽度相匹配。当女性的线条画的连衣裙上有水平线或垂直线时，这种错觉仍然存在。在一项用3-D圆柱体进行的实验中，我们研究了这些效应只适用于2维图形的说法，但没有发现支持水平线会让衣服变胖的说法。值得注意的是，当水平线或垂直线出现在立体观看的真实半身模特的照片上时，这种错觉仍然存在。所有证据都支持赫姆霍尔茨最初的断言。
A square composed of horizontal lines appears taller and narrower than an identical square made up of vertical lines. Reporting this illusion, Hermann von Helmholtz noted that such illusions, in which filled space seems to be larger than unfilled space, were common in everyday life, adding the observation that ladies' frocks with horizontal stripes make the figure look taller. As this assertion runs counter to modern popular belief, we have investigated whether vertical or horizontal stripes on clothing should make the wearer appear taller or fatter. We find that a rectangle of vertical stripes needs to be extended by 7.1% vertically to match the height of a square of horizontal stripes and that a rectangle of horizontal stripes must be made 4.5% wider than a square of vertical stripes to match its perceived width. This illusion holds when the horizontal or vertical lines are on the dress of a line drawing of a woman. We have examined the claim that these effects apply only for 2-dimensional figures in an experiment with 3-D cylinders and find no support for the notion that horizontal lines would be ‘fattening’ on clothes. Significantly, the illusion persists when the horizontal or vertical lines are on pictures of a real half-body mannequin viewed stereoscopically. All the evidence supports Helmholtz's original assertion.
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