Population structure and spatial patterns of major trees in a subalpine old-growth coniferous forest, central Japan
Population structure and spatial patterns of major trees in a subalpine old-growth coniferous forest, central Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-1127(03)00045-8
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发表时间：
2003-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Miyadokoro;N. Nishimura;Shin‐ichi Yamamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Miyadokoro;N. Nishimura;Shin‐ichi Yamamoto
研究了日本中部大竹森林保护区亚高山古针叶林主要树种的种群结构和空间格局，以探讨不同树种的共存策略。我们在一块2公顷的地块上绘制了所有茎的胸径(≥)为5厘米。林分包括9种木本植物和1,508个活茎，综合断面积为55.6m2ha−1。根据密度和大小/年龄结构将4个主要树种分为两个组。与B组相比，A组(马尾冷杉和维氏冷杉)的最高年龄较低，密度较大，活茎的胸径分布呈倒J形或L形。B组(云杉属)的种类。红豆杉和多叶铁杉)林下茎极少，最大年龄高于A组，胸径呈钟形分布。B类树种可以通过较长的寿命来弥补林下树干较少的影响，而A类树种可能通过在林下有大量的幼茎来弥补较低的寿命。四种主要针叶树种的树冠和林下树干在整个样地中呈斑块状分布。B组树种树冠茎分布与A组树冠茎分布呈负相关，而与本组林下树干分布呈正相关。类似地，A组树种的树冠茎分布与B组树种的林下茎分布呈负相关。这些结果表明，在有利的冠层和森林地面条件下，物种存在差异。生活史策略和地点偏好的差异可能解释了这些物种共存的原因。
We investigated the population structure and spatial pattern of major trees in a subalpine old-growth coniferous forest stand in the Ontake Forest Reserve of central Japan to examine the coexistence strategies of different species. We mapped all stems ≥5cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) on a 2ha plot. The stand contained nine woody plant species and 1508 living stems with a combined basal area of 55.6m2ha−1. The four major species were divided into two groups based on density and size/age structure. Group A (Abies mariesii and Abies veitchii) had a lower maximum age and higher density than group B, as well as reverse J- or L-shaped dbh distribution of live stems. Species in group B (Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis and Tsuga diversifolia) had very few stems in the understory, higher maximum ages than group A, and bell-shaped dbh distributions. Group B species may compensate for having fewer stems in the understory by having a longer lifespan, while species in group A may compensate for lower longevity by having numerous young stems in the understory. Canopy and understory stems of the four major coniferous species were patchily distributed throughout the plot. The distribution of canopy stems of species in group B was negatively associated with that of group A, but positively associated with understory stems in their own group. Similarly, the distribution of canopy stems of species in group A was negatively associated with that of understory stems of group B species. These results suggest species differences in favourable canopy and forest floor condition. Differences in life history strategies and site preferences may explain the coexistence of these species.