Human Melatonin and Alerting Response to Blue-Enriched Light Depend on a Polymorphism in the Clock Gene PER3
Human Melatonin and Alerting Response to Blue-Enriched Light Depend on a Polymorphism in the Clock Gene PER3
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.2011-2391
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Cajochen, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chellappa, Sarah L.;Viola, Antoine U.;Cajochen, Christian
背景：光暴露，特别是在短波长范围内，会引发人类的几种非视觉反应。然而，光的褪黑激素抑制和警觉作用在个体之间的差异程度仍然未知。目的：在这里，我们调查了蓝色富集的多色光是否对健康参与者的褪黑激素和主观和客观警觉性产生差异影响，这些参与者的基因分型为PERIOD 3（PER 3）可变数目串联重复多态性。设计，设置和参与者：18名PER 3多态性纯合子的健康年轻男性（PER 3（5/5）和PER 3（4/4））在冬季期间经历平衡交叉设计，在晚上2小时期间在6500 K和2500 K下暴露于40 lux的紧凑型荧光灯。与2500 K的光相比，在6500 K的蓝色富集光诱导了PER 3（5/5）个体的内源性褪黑激素水平的夜间上升的显著抑制，但在PER 3（4/4）中没有。同样，PER 3（5/5）个人表现出更明显的警觉反应，光在6500 K比PER 3（4/4）志愿者。在θ波范围（5-7 Hz）的清醒脑电图活动（一种假定的与嗜睡相关的活动）在6500 K的光暴露期间在PER 3（5/5）个体中与PER 3（4/4）个体相比显著减弱。我们提供了第一个证据，证明PER 3（5/5）等位基因纯合子的人对蓝色富集光特别敏感，如通过内源性褪黑激素和清醒θ活动的抑制所指示的。人类的光敏感性可能受到与睡眠-觉醒调节有关的时钟基因多态性的调节。（临床内分泌代谢杂志97：E433-E437，2012）
Context: Light exposure, particularly at the short-wavelength range, triggers several nonvisual responses in humans. However, the extent to which the melatonin-suppressing and alerting effect of light differs among individuals remains unknown.Objective: Here we investigated whether blue-enriched polychromatic light impacts differentially on melatonin and subjective and objective alertness in healthy participants genotyped for the PERIOD3 (PER3) variable-number, tandem-repeat polymorphism.Design, Setting, and Participants: Eighteen healthy young men homozygous for the PER3 polymorphism (PER3(5/5) and PER3(4/4)) underwent a balanced crossover design during the winter season, with light exposure to compact fluorescent lamps of 40 lux at 6500 K and at 2500 K during 2 h in the evening.Results: In comparison to light at 2500 K, blue-enriched light at 6500 K induced a significant suppression of the evening rise in endogenous melatonin levels in PER3(5/5) individuals but not in PER3(4/4). Likewise, PER3(5/5) individuals exhibited a more pronounced alerting response to light at 6500 K than PER3(4/4) volunteers. Waking electroencephalographic activity in the theta range (5-7 Hz), a putative correlate of sleepiness, was drastically attenuated during light exposure at 6500 K in PER3(5/5) individuals as compared with PER3(4/4).Conclusions: We provide first evidence that humans homozygous for the PER3(5/5) allele are particularly sensitive to blue-enriched light, as indexed by the suppression of endogenous melatonin and waking theta activity. Light sensitivity in humans may be modulated by a clock gene polymorphism implicated in the sleep-wake regulation. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: E433-E437, 2012)