Stem-inhabiting fungal communities differ between intact and snapped trees after hurricane Maria in a Puerto Rican tropical dry forest
Stem-inhabiting fungal communities differ between intact and snapped trees after hurricane Maria in a Puerto Rican tropical dry forest
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118350
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
François Maillard;E. Andrews;Molly A. Moran;P. Kennedy;S. Bloem;J. Schilling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
François Maillard;E. Andrews;Molly A. Moran;P. Kennedy;S. Bloem;J. Schilling
飓风通过破坏树木和改变多种生态系统功能来影响森林。因此，预测哪些个体可能受到最严重的影响具有至关重要的经济重要性和保护价值。树干上栖息的真菌群落，尤其是引起腐烂的真菌，被认为是树木易受飓风损害的潜在因素，但这一假设仍然缺乏探索。为了研究这种关系，我们在 2017 年玛丽亚飓风过后不久，在波多黎各的干燥热带森林中对完整和受损树木的茎材进行了采样。我们根据两种类型对样本进行了分类：茎完整的树木和茎折断的树木。我们从 40 个由四种不同树种组成的样本中提取了木材的真菌环境 DNA。使用高通量 DNA 元条形码评估真菌群落的分类和功能丰富度和组成。我们发现，折断的树木比完整的树木具有显着更高的真菌操作分类单元（OTU）丰富度，并且完整的树木和折断的树木之间栖息在茎上的真菌群落的组成始终存在差异。平均而言，折断树木的真菌群落在“其他腐生菌”行会类别中相对丰富，但内生菌却相对较少。相反，完整的树木具有相对较高丰度的Clonostachys（一种真菌寄生内生菌），这表明内生真菌可能充当树干中的生物防治剂。总体而言，我们的结果支持这样的假设：茎栖息的真菌群落可能代表热带干燥森林飓风造成的树木损害的易感因素。
Hurricanes impact forests by damaging trees and altering multiple ecosystem functions. As such, predicting which individuals are likely to be most affected has crucial economic importance as well as conservation value. Tree stem-inhabiting fungal communities, notably rot-causing agents, have been mentioned as a potential factor of tree predisposition to hurricane damage, but this assumption remains poorly explored. To examine this relationship, we sampled the stem wood of intact and damaged trees shortly after Hurricane Maria in a Puerto Rican dry tropical forest in 2017. We categorized samples depending on two types: trees with intact stems and trees in which stems were snapped. We extracted fungal environmental DNA of wood from 40 samples consisting of four different tree species. Fungal community taxonomic and functional richness and composition was assessed using high-throughput DNA metabarcoding. We found that snapped trees harbored significantly higher fungal operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness than the intact trees and that the composition of the stem-inhabiting fungal communities diverged consistently between intact and snapped trees. On average, snapped trees’ fungal communities were relatively enriched in “other saprotrophs” guild category and depleted in endophytes. Conversely, intact trees had high relative abundances ofClonostachys, a mycoparasitic endophyte, suggesting that endophytic fungi might act as biocontrols in tree stems. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that stem-inhabiting fungal communities could represent a predisposition factor of tree damage caused by hurricanes in tropical dry forests.