Range-expansion effects on the belowground plant microbiome
Range-expansion effects on the belowground plant microbiome
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-019-0828-z
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Kelly S. Ramirez;L. B. Snoek;L. B. Snoek;Kadri Koorem;S. Geisen;L. J. Bloem;F. C. Hooven;O. Kostenko-O
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文献类型：
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作者：
Kelly S. Ramirez;L. B. Snoek;L. B. Snoek;Kadri Koorem;S. Geisen;L. J. Bloem;F. C. Hooven;O. Kostenko-O
植物分布范围正在迅速扩大，主要是为了应对人类引起的气候变暖。虽然植物沿着纬度和海拔梯度的运动是有据可查的，但对地下微生物群落的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。此外，对于范围扩展，并非所有的植物物种都是平等的：在一个新的范围内，范围扩展的植物物种和本地植物群之间的相关性可以影响植物-微生物的相互作用。在这里，我们使用横跨欧洲3,000公里的纬度梯度来研究范围扩大的植物物种的根际和周围土壤中的细菌和真菌群落。我们选择了范围扩大的植物，在新的范围和没有同源的本地物种，作为对照，同源的本地物种，共382个植物个体收集在欧洲各地。一般来说，植物作为范围扩展植物的状态是细菌和真菌群落组成的弱预测因子。然而，范围扩大的植物物种的微生物群落变得更加相似，彼此进一步从原来的范围。范围扩大的植物，不相关的本地社区也经历了植物病原体共生体的比例下降，给弱支持的敌人释放假说。即使在大陆范围内，植物分布范围扩大对地下微生物组的影响也是可以检测到的，尽管特定类群的变化仍然难以破译。
Plant range expansion is occurring at a rapid pace, largely in response to human-induced climate warming. Although the movement of plants along latitudinal and altitudinal gradients is well-documented, effects on belowground microbial communities remain largely unknown. Furthermore, for range expansion, not all plant species are equal: in a new range, the relatedness between range-expanding plant species and native flora can influence plant–microorganism interactions. Here we use a latitudinal gradient spanning 3,000 km across Europe to examine bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere and surrounding soils of range-expanding plant species. We selected range-expanding plants with and without congeneric native species in the new range and, as a control, the congeneric native species, totalling 382 plant individuals collected across Europe. In general, the status of a plant as a range-expanding plant was a weak predictor of the composition of bacterial and fungal communities. However, microbial communities of range-expanding plant species became more similar to each other further from their original range. Range-expanding plants that were unrelated to the native community also experienced a decrease in the ratio of plant pathogens to symbionts, giving weak support to the enemy release hypothesis. Even at a continental scale, the effects of plant range expansion on the belowground microbiome are detectable, although changes to specific taxa remain difficult to decipher.