Editorial: Evidence for Transactional Relations Between Reward Processing and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence.
Editorial: Evidence for Transactional Relations Between Reward Processing and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence.
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社论：青春期奖励处理与抑郁症状之间交易关系的证据。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2023.03.001
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Gibb,BrandonE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibb,BrandonE
奖励处理缺陷在抑郁症和抑郁症风险中起着明显的作用。例如，十多年的研究表明，由奖励积极性（RewP）事件相关电位（ERP）组成部分索引的初始奖励反应的个体差异与当前抑郁和未来抑郁风险相关。1，2 Mackin及其同事的研究3通过提出两个关键问题建立在以前的文献基础上：（1）RewP对儿童晚期和青春期抑郁症状预期变化的影响程度是否相似？以及（2）RewP和抑郁症状之间的前瞻性联系是否是事务性的，抑郁症状也预测了在这个发展窗口期间RewP的未来变化？这些问题很重要，因为在这段时间里，抑郁症的发生率急剧上升，奖励处理也发生了规范性变化。[5]然而，我们对奖赏加工和抑郁之间的关系在发展过程中如何变化知之甚少。这项研究包括609名参加斯托尼布鲁克气质研究的青少年，他们在9岁、12岁和15岁时接受了评估。在每一波数据收集中，青少年完成了对奖励结果处理的ERP评估，青少年及其母亲完成了对青少年抑郁症状的测量。研究人员还在每次评估中纳入了有关青少年出生时的生物性别和青春期水平的信息。使用结构方程模型，Mackin等人3发现，奖励处理缺陷（以货币收益与损失反馈后RewP振幅的差异为指标）和抑郁症状在12岁至15岁之间随时间推移存在交易相关性，但在9岁至12岁之间不存在交易相关性，即使在每次评估中考虑了生物性别和青春期水平的影响。也就是说，一个更钝的RewP预测三年后在青春期早期到中期（从12岁到15岁）抑郁症状的增加，但不是在儿童晚期（从9岁到12岁）。同样，较高水平的抑郁症状预示着三年后青春期的RewP越来越迟钝，但在儿童晚期则不然。结果是更强的RewP差异得分比ERP反应的金钱收益或
Reward processing deficits play a clear role in depression and depression risk. For example, over a decade of research has shown that individual differences in initial reward responsiveness, indexed by the reward positivity (RewP) event related potential (ERP) component, are associated with current depression and future depression risk. 1, 2 Mackin and colleagues’ study3 builds from this previous literature by asking two key questions:(1) Is the magnitude of the impact of RewP on prospective changes in depressive symptoms similar during late childhood and adolescence? and (2) Are prospective links between RewP and depressive symptoms transactional, with depressive symptoms also predicting future change in RewP during this developmental window? These questions are important because this is a time period during which rates of depression increase dramatically4 and when there are normative changes in reward processing. 5 However, we know very little about how relations between reward processing and depression may change across development. The study included 609 youth participating in the Stony Brook Temperament Study who were assessed at age 9, 12, and 15 years. At each wave of data collection, youth completed an ERP assessment of reward outcome processing and youth and their mothers’ completed measures of youth depressive symptoms. The researchers also included information about youths’ biological sex at birth and pubertal level at each assessment. Using structural equation modeling, Mackin et al. 3 found that reward processing deficits (indexed as the difference in RewP amplitude following monetary gain versus loss feedback) and depressive symptoms were transactionally related over time between the ages of 12 and 15, but not between the ages of 9 and 12, even after accounting for the influence of biological sex and pubertal level at each assessment. That is, a more blunted RewP predicted increases in depressive symptoms three years later during early to middle adolescence (from age 12 to 15), but not during late childhood (from age 9 to 12). Similarly, higher levels of depressive symptoms predicted an increasingly blunted RewP three years later during adolescence but not during late childhood. The findings were stronger for the RewP difference score than for ERP responses to monetary gains or