Use of epidemiologic data in Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) assessments
Use of epidemiologic data in Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) assessments
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DOI：
10.1016/j.taap.2008.01.013
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发表时间：
2008-11-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Cooper, Glinda S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Persad, Amanda S.;Cooper, Glinda S.
在人类健康风险评估中，流行病学研究的信息通常用于风险评估范式的危害识别步骤。然而，在综合风险信息系统（IRIS）对许多化学品进行评估时，观察性和实验性的流行病学数据也被用于推导毒理学风险估计（即，参比关闭[RID]，参比浓度[RfC]。口腔癌斜率因子[C：SF]和吸入单位风险[IUR]）。截至2007年6月，在IRIS数据库公布的545项健康评估中。44项评估基于人类数据得出非癌症或癌症风险估计。RID和RfC计算基于从酶活性变化到特定神经或皮肤效应的一系列终点。有12项IUR评估基于人体数据，2项评估外推人体吸入数据以推导CSF，1项评估使用人体数据直接推导CSF。肺癌或呼吸道癌是基于人类数据的癌症评估的最常见终点。迄今为止，只有一种化学品苯利用人类数据推导出所有三种定量风险估计（即，RfC、RID和用于癌症评估的密切响应模型）。通过IRIS数据库的例子。本文将说明流行病学数据是如何在IRIS评估中被用于在危害识别过程中增加证据和在风险评估范例的剂量-反应部分中量化风险估计的。出版社：Elsevier Inc.
In human health risk assessment, information from epidemiologic studies is typically utilized in the hazard identification step of the risk assessment paradigm. However, in the assessment of many chemicals by the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), epidemiologic data, both observational and experimental, have also been used in the derivation of toxicological risk estimates (i.e., reference closes [RID], reference concentrations [RfC]. oral cancer slope factors [C:SF] and inhalation unit risks [IUR]). Of the 545 health assessments posted on the IRIS database as of June 2007. 44 assessments derived non-cancer or cancer risk estimates based on human data. RID and RfC calculations were based on a spectrum of endpoints from changes in enzyme activity to specific neurological or dermal effects. There are 12 assessments with IURs based on human data, two assessments that extrapolated human inhalation data to derive CSFs and one that used human data to directly derive a CSF. Lung or respiratory cancer is the most common endpoint for cancer assessments based on human data. To date, only one chemical, benzene, has utilized human data for derivation of all three quantitative risk estimates (i.e., RfC, RID, and close-response modeling for cancer assessment). Through examples from the IRIS database. this paper will demonstrate how epidemiologic data have been used in IRIS assessments for both adding to the body of evidence in the hazard identification process and in the quantification of risk estimates in the dose-response component of the risk assessment paradigm. published by Elsevier Inc.