Scaling spatial pattern in river networks: the effects of spatial extent, grain size and thematic resolution
Scaling spatial pattern in river networks: the effects of spatial extent, grain size and thematic resolution
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DOI：
10.1007/s10980-021-01270-2
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发表时间：
2021-06-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Allen, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kopp, Darin;Allen, Daniel
了解空间格局如何随尺度变化，可以深入了解其与生态过程的关系。在河流景观中，空间格局可能不同于其他研究的景观，因为他们的树枝状的形式。目的本研究的目的是（1）评估水文地貌生境斑块（HGP）的空间格局如何随空间范围、粒度和专题分辨率而变化，以及（2）量化美国邻近地区（CONUS）河流网络的空间格局如何变化。方法在不同生态气候域的河网中识别水文地貌斑块。然后，我们量化的空间格局内的每个河流网络使用一套景观指标和调查的比例尺的每个组成部分的比例关系。我们还评估了流域面积，河网长度和排水密度是否与河网之间的空间格局有关，并探讨了区分HGP类型的水文，地貌和气候变量的区域差异。结果在可预测的情况下，河网内的尺度关系遵循线性、对数或幂函数。河网的空间格局与河网总长度、集水面积和流域密度有关。不同网络中的HGP类型很少具有相同的水文、地貌和气候变量。结论在河流景观中，空间格局与尺度之间存在多种关系。我们提出的尺度函数可以提供一个简洁的描述尺度依赖在这些景观，提高我们的能力，跨尺度综合信息。
Context Understanding how spatial pattern changes with scale can provide insights into its relationship with ecological processes. In riverine landscapes, spatial pattern could scale differently from other well-studied landscapes because of their dendritic form. Objectives The objectives of this study were (1) to assess how spatial pattern of hydrogeomorphic habitat patches (HGP) change with spatial extent, grain size, and thematic resolution, and (2) to quantify how spatial pattern in river networks varies across the contiguous United States (CONUS). Methods We identified hydrogeomorphic patches in river networks located in different ecoclimatic domains. We then quantified spatial pattern within each river network using a suite of landscape metrics and investigated scaling relationships for each component of scale. We also assessed whether watershed area, river network length, and drainage density were related to spatial pattern among river networks and explored regional differences in the hydrologic, geomorphologic, and climatic variables that differentiate HGP types. Results When predictable, scaling relationships within river networks followed either linear, logarithmic, or power functions. Among river networks, spatial pattern was related to total network length, catchment area and drainage density. Rarely were HGP types in different networks characterized by the same suite of hydrologic, geomorphologic and climatic variables. Conclusions In riverine landscapes, there are a variety of relationships between spatial pattern and scale. The scaling functions we present can provide a concise description of scale dependency in these landscapes and improve our ability to synthesize information across scales.