UV stalled replication forks restart by re-priming in human fibroblasts.

UV stalled replication forks restart by re-priming in human fibroblasts.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkr420
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发表时间:
2011-09-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Helleday T
Helleday T
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Elvers I;Johansson F;Groth P;Erixon K;Helleday T

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重新启动停滞的复制分叉对于避免致命的复制错误至关重要。此前,已证明羟基脲停滞的复制叉通过主动重启机制或新起点激发来挽救复制。令我们惊讶的是,使用 DNA 纤维测定,我们仅在紫外线照射后的第一个小时内检测到紫外线损坏模板上的叉子速度略有降低,并且没有证据表明复制叉持续停滞。有趣的是,即使在跨损伤合成缺陷的 Polηmut 细胞中,也没有观察到持续的紫外线诱导的叉失速的证据。相比之下,使用测定叉处 DNA 分子伸长的方法,我们观察到连续的 DNA 伸长被紫外线照射严重阻碍,特别是在紫外线损伤的 Polηmut 细胞中。总之,我们的数据表明,紫外线阻断的复制叉通过重新启动经过病变部位而有效地重新启动,只在病变部位对面留下一个小间隙。这使得受损 DNA 能够继续复制。如果不填补,这些间隙可能会塌陷成 DNA 双链断裂,并通过重组途径修复,类似于羟基脲处理后复制叉塌陷的命运。
Restarting stalled replication forks is vital to avoid fatal replication errors. Previously, it was demonstrated that hydroxyurea-stalled replication forks rescue replication either by an active restart mechanism or by new origin firing. To our surprise, using the DNA fibre assay, we only detect a slightly reduced fork speed on a UV-damaged template during the first hour after UV exposure, and no evidence for persistent replication fork arrest. Interestingly, no evidence for persistent UV-induced fork stalling was observed even in translesion synthesis defective, Polηmut cells. In contrast, using an assay to measure DNA molecule elongation at the fork, we observe that continuous DNA elongation is severely blocked by UV irradiation, particularly in UV-damaged Polηmut cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that UV-blocked replication forks restart effectively through re-priming past the lesion, leaving only a small gap opposite the lesion. This allows continuation of replication on damaged DNA. If left unfilled, the gaps may collapse into DNA double-strand breaks that are repaired by a recombination pathway, similar to the fate of replication forks collapsed after hydroxyurea treatment.
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