Can approximate mental calculation account for operational momentum in addition and subtraction?
Can approximate mental calculation account for operational momentum in addition and subtraction?
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DOI：
10.1080/17470218.2014.890234
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Zorzi, Marco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knops, Andre;Dehaene, Stanislas;Zorzi, Marco
操作动量效应（OM）描述了一种认知偏差，即我们高估了心算加法的结果，而低估了心算减法的结果。为了检验OM是否来自心理量表征的心理物理学特征，我们测量了表征心理量表征和参与者在交叉记加法和减法问题中的表现的两个基本参数（韦伯分数和数值估计准确性）。虽然参与者能够解决交叉记谱问题，但他们在加法问题中始终选择相对较大的结果，而不是减法问题，从而复制和扩展了以前的结果。在心理物理模型中结合上述措施，使我们能够部分预测所选择的结果。然而，最关键的是，我们无法根据这些心理物理参数完全模拟OM偏见。我们的研究结果反驳了OM是由于心理量表征的基本特征造成的观点。反过来，这可能被解释为假设OM效果是更好地解释了注意力转移沿着心理量表征在心理计算过程中的证据。
The operational momentum (OM) effect describes a cognitive bias whereby we overestimate the results of mental addition problems while underestimating for subtraction. To test whether the OM emerges from psychophysical characteristics of the mental magnitude representation we measured two basic parameters (Weber fraction and numerical estimation accuracy) characterizing the mental magnitude representation and participants' performance in cross-notational addition and subtraction problems. Although participants were able to solve the cross-notational problems, they consistently chose relatively larger results in addition problems than in subtraction problems, thus replicating and extending previous results. Combining the above measures in a psychophysical model allowed us to partially predict the chosen results. Most crucially, however, we were not able to fully model the OM bias on the basis of these psychophysical parameters. Our results speak against the idea that the OM is due to basic characteristics of the mental magnitude representation. In turn, this might be interpreted as evidence for the assumption that the OM effect is better explained by attentional shifts along the mental magnitude representation during mental calculation.