How Do Astrocytes Participate in Neural Plasticity?
How Do Astrocytes Participate in Neural Plasticity?
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a020438
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Nedergaard, Maiken
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haydon, Philip G.;Nedergaard, Maiken
过去20年的研究表明，电非兴奋性星形胶质细胞参与了复杂的神经功能。尽管存在争议，但越来越清楚的是，许多（如果不是全部）神经过程涉及星形胶质细胞。这篇评论批判性地审视过去的工作，以确定许多已发表的神经胶质细胞信号研究的共性。虽然一些研究表明，星形胶质细胞可以影响短期和长期的突触可塑性，需要进一步的工作，以确定星形胶质细胞的钙离子和其他第二信使在这些过程中的需求。该领域快速发展的障碍之一是技术性的。我们预测，近年来出现的新实验工具将加速这一领域的发展，并可能在不久的将来揭示一条全新的神经胶质信号通路。
Work over the past 20 years has implicated electrically nonexcitable astrocytes in complex neural functions. Despite controversies, it is increasingly clear that many, if not all, neural processes involve astrocytes. This review critically examines past work to identify the commonalities among the many published studies of neuroglia signaling. Although several studies have shown that astrocytes can impact short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity, further work is required to determine the requirement for astrocytic Ca2+ and other second messengers in these processes. One of the roadblocks to the field advancing at a rapid pace has been technical. We predict that the novel experimental tools that have emerged in recent years will accelerate the field and likely disclose an entirely novel path of neuroglia signaling within the near future.