THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN-CONDUCTANCE ORIENTING AND THE ALLOCATION OF PROCESSING RESOURCES
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SKIN-CONDUCTANCE ORIENTING AND THE ALLOCATION OF PROCESSING RESOURCES
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb00725.x
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发表时间：
1991-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
HAZLETT, EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FILION, DL;DAWSON, ME;HAZLETT, EA
自主定向的信息处理模型表明，定向反应的诱发与有限的注意力处理资源的调用或实际分配有关。然而，Dawson，Festival和Schell（1989）报道了皮肤电导定向反应和资源分配之间的定向分离，如在次要任务上反应时间减慢所指示的。虽然与任务无关的刺激相比，任务相关的刺激引起了更大的皮肤电导反应，但反应时间显示出相反的模式（即，在任务无关的刺激开始后不久出现的对次级任务探测器的更大减慢）。在本报告中，我们描述了三个实验，研究这种解离效应的一般性和测试有关其性质的具体假设。前两个实验的结果表明，分离效应是可靠的任务相关和任务无关的刺激包括左耳和右耳的音调或高，低音调的双耳音调，在一系列的次要任务探测呈现时间。然而，第三个实验表明，当任务相关和任务无关的刺激呈现给不同的感觉通道（听觉和视觉），定向和资源分配都更大的任务相关比任务无关的刺激，从而消除了分离效应。这些结果支持这一假设，分离效应是由于切换的注意，因为物理相似的任务相关和任务无关的刺激，并建议有一个从根本上积极的关系，皮肤电导定向和资源分配在选择性注意条件下。
Information processing models of autonomic orienting suggest that the elicitation of an orienting response is associated with either the call for, or the actual allocation of, limited attentional processing resources. However, Dawson, Filion, and Schell (1989) reported a directional dissociation between elicitation of the skin conductance orienting response and resource allocation, as indexed by reaction time slowing on a secondary task. Although larger skin conductance responses were elicited by a task-relevant stimulus than by a task-irrelevant stimulus, reaction time showed the opposite pattern (i.e., greater slowing to secondary task probes presented shortly following the onset of the task-irrelevant stimulus). In the present report, we describe three experiments which examine the generality of this dissociation effect and test specific hypotheses regarding its nature. Results of the first two experiments revealed that the dissociation effect is observed reliably when the task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli consist of left ear and right ear tones or high and low pitched binaural tones, across a range of secondary task probe presentation times. However, the third experiment demonstrated that when task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli are presented to different sensory modalities (auditory and visual), orienting and resource allocation are both greater during the task-relevant than the task-irrelevant stimuli, thus eliminating the dissociation effect. These results support the hypothesis that the dissociation effect is due to a switch of attention initiated because of the physical similarity of the task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli, and suggest that there is a fundamentally positive relationship between skin conductance orienting and resource allocation under selective attention conditions.