Identifying the evolutionary building blocks of the cardiac conduction system.
Identifying the evolutionary building blocks of the cardiac conduction system.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0044231
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Christoffels VM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jensen B;Boukens BJ;Postma AV;Gunst QD;van den Hoff MJ;Moorman AF;Wang T;Christoffels VM
哺乳动物和鸟类的吸热状态需要高心率来适应高速率的氧气消耗。这些高心率是由非常相似的传导系统驱动的，该传导系统由减缓电脉冲的房室结和有效激活心室腔的希氏-浦肯野系统组成。虽然变温脊椎动物有类似的收缩模式，但它们没有传导系统的解剖学证据。这在现存的外温动物中的缺乏是令人惊讶的，因为哺乳动物和鸟类是独立于爬行类祖先进化而来的。利用保守的遗传标记，我们发现蜥蜴（Anolis carolinensis和A. sagrei）、非洲爪蟾（Xenopus laevis）和斑马鱼（Danio rerio）成体的胚胎发育与哺乳动物（小鼠和人）和鸡（Gallus gallus）的胚胎发育惊人地相似。因此，在体温过低的成年人中，存在缓慢传导的房室管肌肉，没有形成纤维绝缘平面，海绵状心室具有传导和收缩的双重目的。光学映射显示基地到顶点激活的心脏的变温动物的心室，类似的激活模式的哺乳动物和鸟类胚胎心室和His-浦肯野系统的形成的心脏。哺乳动物和鸟类的心室具有独特的致密厚壁和隔膜，因此从胚胎的海绵状心室形成离散的心室传导系统。我们的研究揭示了心脏的进化构建计划，并表明成年变温脊椎动物和胚胎的心脏传导系统的构建模块是相似的。
The endothermic state of mammals and birds requires high heart rates to accommodate the high rates of oxygen consumption. These high heart rates are driven by very similar conduction systems consisting of an atrioventricular node that slows the electrical impulse and a His-Purkinje system that efficiently activates the ventricular chambers. While ectothermic vertebrates have similar contraction patterns, they do not possess anatomical evidence for a conduction system. This lack amongst extant ectotherms is surprising because mammals and birds evolved independently from reptile-like ancestors. Using conserved genetic markers, we found that the conduction system design of lizard (Anolis carolinensis and A. sagrei), frog (Xenopus laevis) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) adults is strikingly similar to that of embryos of mammals (mouse Mus musculus, and man) and chicken (Gallus gallus). Thus, in ectothermic adults, the slow conducting atrioventricular canal muscle is present, no fibrous insulating plane is formed, and the spongy ventricle serves the dual purpose of conduction and contraction. Optical mapping showed base-to-apex activation of the ventricles of the ectothermic animals, similar to the activation pattern of mammalian and avian embryonic ventricles and to the His-Purkinje systems of the formed hearts. Mammalian and avian ventricles uniquely develop thick compact walls and septum and, hence, form a discrete ventricular conduction system from the embryonic spongy ventricle. Our study uncovers the evolutionary building plan of heart and indicates that the building blocks of the conduction system of adult ectothermic vertebrates and embryos of endotherms are similar.
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影响因子：
20.1
作者：
Aanhaanen, Wim T. J.;Mommersteeg, Mathilda T. M.;Christoffels, Vincent M.
通讯作者：
Christoffels, Vincent M.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
DURRER, D;VANDAM, RT;ARZBAECHER, RC
通讯作者：
ARZBAECHER, RC
影响因子：
--
作者：
GRAY, SW
通讯作者：
GRAY, SW
脊椎动物心脏传导系统的遗传和生理解剖。
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Chi NC;Shaw RM;Jungblut B;Huisken J;Ferrer T;Arnaout R;Scott I;Beis D;Xiao T;Baier H;Jan LY;Tristani-Firouzi M;Stainier DY
通讯作者：
Stainier DY
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
CHOMCZYNSKI, P;SACCHI, N
通讯作者：
SACCHI, N