GERMINAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPOROCYSTS AND REDIAE OF THE DIGENETIC TREMATODES
GERMINAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPOROCYSTS AND REDIAE OF THE DIGENETIC TREMATODES
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DOI：
10.1016/0014-4894(54)90008-9
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
VANDERWOUDE, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CORT, WW;AMEEL, DJ;VANDERWOUDE, A
最近研究的证据有力地支持了这样的理论，即双基因吸虫在生发囊中的繁殖是一种生发谱系，其中的繁殖是受精卵的多胚胎。这一观点不仅得到了证明孢子囊和红细胞体中的生殖细胞具有二倍体染色体数目的证明，而且也得到了大量研究的支持，在这些研究中，生发系的细胞已经被追踪，并且它们与体细胞的关系已经在活的和切片的材料中被确定。最近的大量研究表明，在不同吸虫种群的孢子囊和雷体中生发细胞增殖的机制。在两栖动物中，没有形成生发细胞的持续增殖中心，增殖仅限于孢子囊和雷虫发育的早期阶段。这种机制产生的胚胎数量有限，被认为是原始的。在次级生殖囊为雷虫的大多数组中，在体腔的后端存在生殖团，这些生殖团在雷虫的整个生命周期中作为生发细胞增殖的中心而持续存在。在斜毛虫中，母孢子囊中的生发细胞大量增殖，产生大量的子孢子囊。在每一个子代中，在生发细胞非常有限的分裂后，产生一个漂浮的生发团，生发细胞在整个孢子囊的整个生命中继续增殖。这种机制会产生大量的尾蚴。在鞭毛中，母子孢子囊中存在大量漂浮的生发团，也产生大量的胚胎。在螺旋虫和血吸虫中，没有形成生殖团，但附着在孢子囊体腔内壁内侧的生殖细胞在感染的整个生命过程中继续分裂，产生大量胚胎。
Evidence from recent studies strongly supports the theory that reproduction in the germinal sacs of the digenetic trematodes is a germinal lineage, in which multiplication is a polyembryony of the fertilized ovum. This view is supported not only by the instances in which it has been demonstrated that the germinal cells in sporocysts and rediae have the diploid number of chromosome, but also by the numerous studies in which the cells of the germinal line have been traced and their relations to the somatic cells has been determined both in living and sectioned material. Numerous recent studies have shown the mechanisms of multiplication of the germinal cells in the sporocysts and rediae of different trematode groups. In the amphistomes no persistent centers of multiplication of germinal cells are formed and multiplication is limited to early stages of the development of sporocysts and rediae. This mechanism produces a limited number of embryos and is considered to be primitive. In most groups in which the secondary germinal sacs are rediae germinal masses are present at the posterior end of the body cavity which persist as centers of multiplication of germinal cells throughout the life of the rediae. In the plagiorchioids there is extensive multiplication of germinal cells in the mother sporocyst which produces large numbers of daughter sporocysts. In each daughter after a very limited division of the germinal cells, a floating germinal mass is produced in which multiplication of germinal cells continues throughout the life of the sporocyst. This mechanism produces very large numbers of cercariae. In the strigeoids numerous floating germinal masses are present in the mother and daughter sporocysts which also produce large numbers of embryos. In the spirorchiids and schistosomes no germinal masses are formed, but the germinal cells which are attached to the inside of the wall of the body cavities of the sporocysts continue to divide throughout the life of the infection to produce large numbers of embryos.