A transparent electrode based on a metal nanotrough network
A transparent electrode based on a metal nanotrough network
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DOI：
10.1038/nnano.2013.84
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Cui, Yi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu, Hui;Kong, Desheng;Cui, Yi
透明导电电极是许多柔性光电设备的重要组件，包括触摸屏和交互式电子产品(1-4)。氧化铟锡薄膜（原型透明电极材料）表现出优异的电子性能，但薄膜脆性、红外透射率低且丰度限低，不适合某些工业应用(1,4,5)。最近报道了氧化铟锡的替代品，包括导电聚合物(6)、碳纳米管(7-9) 和石墨烯(10-12)。然而，尽管灵活性大大提高，但这些碳基材料的光电性能受到低电导率的限制(8,13)。其他示例包括基于金属纳米线的电极(14-22)，由于金属的高电导率，它可以在 90% 透射率下实现小于 10 欧米茄平方 (-1) 的薄层电阻。然而，为了实现这些性能，金属纳米线必须是无缺陷的、具有接近其本体值的电导率、尽可能长以最大限度地减少线对线结的数量，并且表现出小的结电阻。在这里，我们提出了一种简便的制造工艺，使我们能够满足所有这些要求，并制造出一种新型透明导电电极，该电极既具有优异的光电性能（90% 透射率下的薄层电阻类似于 2 欧米茄 (-1)），又在拉伸和弯曲应力下具有出色的机械灵活性。该电极由独立的金属纳米槽网络组成，并通过静电纺丝和金属沉积工艺生产。我们通过制造柔性触摸屏设备和透明导电胶带来证明透明导电电极的实际适用性。
Transparent conducting electrodes are essential components for numerous flexible optoelectronic devices, including touch screens and interactive electronics(1-4). Thin films of indium tin oxide-the prototypical transparent electrode material-demonstrate excellent electronic performances, but film brittleness, low infrared transmittance and low abundance limit suitability for certain industrial applications(1,4,5). Alternatives to indium tin oxide have recently been reported and include conducting polymers(6), carbon nanotubes(7-9) and graphene(10-12). However, although flexibility is greatly improved, the optoelectronic performance of these carbon-based materials is limited by low conductivity(8,13). Other examples include metal nanowire-based electrodes(14-22), which can achieve sheet resistances of less than 10 Omega square(-1) at 90% transmission because of the high conductivity of the metals. To achieve these performances, however, metal nanowires must be defect-free, have conductivities close to their values in bulk, be as long as possible to minimize the number of wire-to-wire junctions, and exhibit small junction resistance. Here, we present a facile fabrication process that allows us to satisfy all these requirements and fabricate a new kind of transparent conducting electrode that exhibits both superior optoelectronic performances (sheet resistance of similar to 2 Omega square(-1) at 90% transmission) and remarkable mechanical flexibility under both stretching and bending stresses. The electrode is composed of a free-standing metallic nanotrough network and is produced with a process involving electrospinning and metal deposition. We demonstrate the practical suitability of our transparent conducting electrode by fabricating a flexible touch-screen device and a transparent conducting tape.