Discovery and engineering of colchicine alkaloid biosynthesis.

Discovery and engineering of colchicine alkaloid biosynthesis.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-020-2546-8
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发表时间:
2020-08
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Sattely ES
Sattely ES
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nett RS;Lau W;Sattely ES

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Few complete pathways are established for the biosynthesis of medicinal compounds from plants. Accordingly, many plant-derived therapeutics are isolated directly from medicinal plants or plant cell culture. A lead example is colchicine, an FDA-approved treatment for inflammatory disorders that is sourced from Colchicum and Gloriosa species. Here we use a combination of transcriptomics, metabolic logic, and pathway reconstitution to elucidate a near complete biosynthetic pathway to colchicine without prior knowledge of biosynthetic genes, a sequenced genome, or genetic tools in the native host. We have uncovered eight genes from Gloriosa superba for the biosynthesis of N-formyldemecolcine, a colchicine precursor that contains the characteristic tropolone ring and pharmacophore of colchicine. Notably, in doing so we have identified a non-canonical cytochrome P450 that catalyzes the remarkable ring expansion reaction required to produce the distinct carbon scaffold of colchicine. We further utilize the newly identified genes to engineer a biosynthetic pathway (16 enzymes total) to N-formyldemecolcine in Nicotiana benthamiana starting from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. This work establishes a metabolic route to tropolone-containing colchicine alkaloids and provides new insights into the unique chemistry plants use to generate complex, bioactive metabolites from simple amino acids.
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影响因子: --
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