Spatial and seasonal variations of organochlorine compounds in air on an urban-rural transect across Tianjin, China.
Spatial and seasonal variations of organochlorine compounds in air on an urban-rural transect across Tianjin, China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.017
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Xiaoyan Zheng;Dazhou Chen;Xiande Liu;Qunfang Zhou;Yue Liu;Wen Yang;G. Jiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoyan Zheng;Dazhou Chen;Xiande Liu;Qunfang Zhou;Yue Liu;Wen Yang;G. Jiang
2006年7月至2008年6月，利用XAD被动式空气采样器对天津市6个采样点的大气有机氯化合物（OCs）浓度的空间和季节变化进行了研究。采样器部署了六个时间段。六氯环己烷（HCHs）的空气浓度在塘沽和团泊洼最高，并在远离这两个地点的地方急剧下降。在汉沽发现β-六氯环己烷相对于六氯环己烷的最大比例（12.1-32.2%），表明其具有持久性。α/γ-六氯环己烷的比值在1.26和5.79之间，这表明工业六氯环己烷和杀虫剂的综合影响。与其他地点相比，汉沽的二氯二苯三氯乙烷相关化合物（滴滴涕）较高，这是由于该地点继续生产滴滴涕。汉沽和塘沽的p，p′-DDE/p，p′-DDT比值较低，反映了DDTs的新鲜输入，而o，p′-DDT/p，p′-DDT比值相对较高，表明三氯杀螨醇的农业应用。多氯联苯的分布说明城市地区可能是其排放源。六氯苯在塘沽的浓度最高，与其他化学品相比（六六六为17- 4-9倍，滴滴涕为10-77倍），显示出最小的工业/城乡梯度（14 -9倍），但与多氯联苯（多氯联苯28和多氯联苯52）相当（13 -10倍）。有机氯农药的季节变化特征是春季和夏季浓度较高，冬季浓度较低。这可能与以下因素有关：（一）温度导致的再挥发;（二）在春末和夏季使用三氯杀螨醇，在夏季为渔船使用含滴滴涕的油漆。然而，在天津尺度上的PCBs浓度的季节性是特定的网站。
The spatial and seasonal variations of atmospheric organochlorine compounds (OCs) concentrations was investigated at six sites on an urban–rural transect in Tianjin, China from July 2006 to June 2008 using XAD-based passive air samplers. The samplers were deployed for six time periods. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) air concentrations were highest at Tanggu and Tuanbowa and decreased dramatically further away from these two sites. The maximum proportion of β-HCH compared to ΣHCHs (12.1–32.2%) was found in Hangu, suggesting its persistence. The α/γ-HCH ratio was between 1.26 and 5.79 which signified the combined influence of technical HCHs and lindane. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane related compounds (DDTs) were higher at Hangu compared with other sites which was attributed to its continuing production there. Low p,p′-DDE/p,p′-DDT in Hangu and Tanggu were found, reflecting the fresh input of DDTs while the relatively high o,p′-DDT/p,p′-DDT ratios indicated the agricultural application of dicofol. Polychlorinated biphenyls distribution elucidated that the urban area could be their emission source. Hexachlorobenzene, with the highest concentrations in Tanggu, showed the smallest industrial/urban–rural gradient (∼4–9 times) than those of other chemicals (∼17–49 for ΣHCHs, ∼10–77 for ΣDDTs), but comparable with PCBs (PCB28 and PCB52) (∼3–10). Seasonal variations of OCPs were featured by higher concentration in spring and summer and lower in winter. This was likely associated with (i) their temperature-driven re-volatilization and (ii) application of dicofol in late spring and summer and DDT-containing antifouling paints for fishing ships in summer. However seasonality of PCBs concentrations was site-specific on the Tianjin scale.