Changing lifestyles and oral clefts occurrence in Denmark
Changing lifestyles and oral clefts occurrence in Denmark
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DOI：
10.1597/03-139.1
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Christensen, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bille, C;Knudsen, LB;Christensen, K
目的：本项目的目的是评估1988至2001年间丹麦合并/不合并唇裂(CL[P])的出生患病率是否发生了变化。在此期间，引入了对孕妇补充叶酸的官方建议；此外，孕妇的吸烟人数大幅减少。设计和设置：很少有地方可以进行口腔裂隙的生态学研究。丹麦为这类研究提供了一个特别好的环境，因为在过去的65年里，对患有唇裂的受试者进行了高度确定和集中登记。参与者：1936年至1987年丹麦的唇裂发生情况此前已有报道。在这里，我们将研究范围扩大到1988年至2001年在丹麦出生的所有患有口腔裂的活生儿。结果与结论：1962~1987年间，丹麦CL(P)的出生率基本保持不变，平均每1000名活产儿中有1.4~1.5例。这项研究显示，1988年至2001年发生了类似的情况(出生率=每1000名活产1.44人，95%可信区间=1.37至1.52)。叶酸的引入和孕妇吸烟流行率的下降似乎并没有降低生育流行率。这可能是由于不遵守叶酸的建议和/或叶酸与吸烟和CL(P)的发生之间只有微弱的因果联系。
Objective: The aim of this project was to assess whether any changes in the birth prevalence of cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL[P]) occurred in Denmark during the period 1988 through 2001. In this period an official recommendation of a supplementation of folic acid to pregnant women was introduced; furthermore, smoking among pregnant women decreased considerably.Design and Settings: There are few places in which ecological studies of oral clefts are possible. Denmark provides a particularly good setting for this kind of study because of a high ascertainment and a centralized registration of subjects with cleft over the last 65 years.Participants: Cleft occurrence in Denmark from 1936 to 1987 has previously been reported. Here we extend the study to include all live-born children with oral clefts born in Denmark in 1988 through 2001. Among a total of 992,727 live births, 1332 children with CL(P) were born during this period.Results and Conclusions: The birth prevalence of CL(P) in Denmark has previously been found to be constant in the period 1962 through 1987, with a frequency of 1.4 to 1.5 per 1000 live births. This study showed a similar occurrence in 1988 through 2001 (birth prevalence = 1.44 per 1000 live births, 95% confidence interval = 1.37 to 1.52). The introduction of folic acid and the decrease in smoking prevalence among pregnant women do not seem to have reduced the birth prevalence. This may be due to noncompliance with the folic acid recommendation and/or only a weak causal association between folic acid and smoking and occurrence of CL(P).