Male-male competition and nuptial-colour displacement as a diversifying force in Lake Victoria cichlid fishes
Male-male competition and nuptial-colour displacement as a diversifying force in Lake Victoria cichlid fishes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2004.2737
复制
发表时间：
2004-07-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Schluter, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seehausen, O;Schluter, D
我们提出了一个新的机制，男性婚礼的颜色图案多样化的快速形成慈鲷鱼维多利亚湖。同域分布的近缘物种通常在光谱的两端显示婚姻颜色，雄性为蓝色或黄色至红色。单一人群中的颜色多态性也很常见。我们认为，雄性之间的竞争繁殖场所促进这种颜色的多样化，从而物种形成。我们假设，男性的侵略主要是针对男性的共同颜色，罕见的颜色变体享有负频率依赖的健身优势。我们测试我们的假设与一个大的数据集上的分布和52个物种在47个栖息地岛屿在维多利亚湖的婚礼着色，并与一个较小的数据集内产卵场分布的男性不同的着色。我们报告说，领土的男性相同的颜色是负相关的产卵场，并在栖息地岛屿的分布密切相关的物种是由我们的假设预测的时尚婚礼着色。在不相关的物种中，那些具有相似的婚礼颜色的正相关，在密切相关的物种中，那些具有相似颜色的负相关，而那些具有不同颜色的正相关。这意味着密切相关的物种之间的婚礼颜色的负频率依赖性选择是一个足够强大的力量，以压倒其他影响物种分布。我们认为，男性的竞争是一个重要的和以前被忽视的代理商之间的多元化haplochromine慈鲷鱼。
We propose a new mechanism for diversification of male nuptial-colour patterns in the rapidly speciating cichlid fishes of Lake Victoria. Sympatric closely related species often display nuptial colours at opposite ends of the spectrum with males either blue or yellow to red. Colour polymorphisms within single populations are common too. We propose that competition between males for breeding sites promotes such colour diversification, and thereby speciation. We hypothesize that male aggression is primarily directed towards males of the common colour, and that rare colour morphs enjoy a negatively frequency-dependent fitness advantage. We test our hypothesis with a large dataset on the distributions and nuptial colorations of 52 species on 47 habitat islands in Lake Victoria, and with a smaller dataset on the within-spawning-site distributions of males with different coloration. We report that territories of males of the same colour are negatively associated on the spawning site, and that the distribution of closely related species over habitat islands is determined by nuptial coloration in the fashion predicted by our hypothesis. Whereas among unrelated species those with similar nuptial colour are positively associated, among closely related species those with similar colour are negatively associated and those with different colour are positively associated. This implies that negatively frequency-dependent selection on nuptial coloration among closely related species is a sufficiently strong force to override other effects on species distributions. We suggest that male-male competition is an important and previously neglected agent of diversification among haplochromine cichlid fishes.