Effects of ecological restoration projects on land use and land cover change and its influences on territorial NPP in Xinjiang, China
Effects of ecological restoration projects on land use and land cover change and its influences on territorial NPP in Xinjiang, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2013.11.020
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发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Hongfei Yang;Shaojie Mu;Jian-long Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hongfei Yang;Shaojie Mu;Jian-long Li
自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济的快速发展引起了土地利用/土地覆被变化（LUCC），并由此引发了土地退化、荒漠化等生态问题。为应对这些严重的生态危机，政府开展了一系列生态恢复工程，造成了显著的LULCC，对陆地生态系统产生了深远的影响。以净第一性生产力（NPP）作为衡量干旱半干旱生态系统生产力的重要指标，对2001 - 2009年新疆生态恢复工程对土地利用变化的影响进行了定量分析。建模方法基于CASA陆地碳模型，利用中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）遥感数据和气象数据进行建模模拟。结果表明，新疆森林面积净增量最大，为9093 km 2。2001-2009年土地覆被变化最显著的是草地-森林和草地-荒漠相互转化。研究期间全区净初级生产力增加了252.51GgC。在所有植被类型中，森林NPP总量的增加最为明显，净增加了1782.88 GgCyr− 1。结果表明，区域净第一性生产力的增加主要是由于森林的扩张。2001-2009年，森林、草地和荒漠的NPP均值略有下降，而耕地和作物/自然植被镶嵌地的NPP均值略有上升。利用2001年的气候资料模拟新疆2009年的NPP，探讨了土地利用/覆被变化和气候变化对区域NPP的影响。与气候变化相比，人类活动对总NPP的增加产生了明显的正效应，特别是林地。结果表明，生态恢复工程对新疆森林扩张和碳汇产生了积极影响。
Since the Chinese government initiated its economic reform in 1978, rapid economic development has spurred land use and land cover change (LULCC) in China, which resulted in many ecological problems such as land degradation and desertification. To address these serious ecological crises, the government launched a series of ecological restoration programs which have caused significant LULCC and a profound impact on the terrestrial ecosystem. This study used net primary productivity (NPP) as an important indicator of the arid and semi-arid ecosystem's productivity to estimate the impacts of the LULCC driven by ecological restoration programs in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2009. The modeling method was based upon the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA) terrestrial carbon model and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data and meteorological data for modeling simulation. The results demonstrated that the forest area of Xinjiang had the most net increase of 9093 km2in the study period, compared to other land cover types. The most dominant land cover changes during 2001–2009 were from grassland to forest and mutual transformation between grassland and desert. Total NPP of whole area increased by 252.51 Gg C during the study period. The increase of total NPP in forest was the most obvious among all vegetation types, with a net increase of 1782.88 GgCyr− 1. It can be concluded that the increase of regional NPP mainly resulted from forest expansion. During 2001–2009, the mean NPP in forest, grassland and desert had a slight decrease, whereas the cropland and crop/natural vegetation mosaic land mean NPP increased fractionally. By using the climate in 2001 to simulate the NPP of Xinjiang in 2009, we explored the influences of land use and cover changes and climate change on regional NPP. Compared to climate change, human activities produced an obvious positive effect in the increase of total NPP, especially for forest land. As a result, ecological restoration programs produced positive impacts on forest expansion and carbon sequestration in Xinjiang.