The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants
The commonness of rarity: Global and future distribution of rarity across land plants
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aaz0414
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
McGill, Brian J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Enquist, Brian J.;Feng, Xiao;McGill, Brian J.
生命多样性的一个关键特征是，有些物种是常见的，但更多的是罕见的。然而，在全球范围内，我们不知道稀有物种在生物多样性中所占的比例。在这里，我们提出了全球植物多样性的最大汇编，以量化地球植物生物多样性中稀有的部分。其中很大一部分，相当于地球上36.5%的435，000种植物物种，是极其罕见的。抽样偏差和突出的模型，如中性理论和k-生态位模型，不能解释所观察到的罕见的流行。我们的研究结果表明，（i）气候更稳定的地区拥有稀有物种，因此地球上很大一部分植物物种的灭绝风险降低，但（ii）气候变化和人类土地利用现在对稀有物种的影响不成比例。在这个全球迅速变化的时代，全球物种丰度分布的估计对风险评估和保护规划具有重要意义。
A key feature of life's diversity is that some species are common but many more are rare. Nonetheless, at global scales, we do not know what fraction of biodiversity consists of rare species. Here, we present the largest compilation of global plant diversity to quantify the fraction of Earth's plant biodiversity that are rare. A large fraction, similar to 36.5% of Earth's similar to 435,000 plant species, are exceedingly rare. Sampling biases and prominent models, such as neutral theory and the k-niche model, cannot account for the observed prevalence of rarity. Our results indicate that (i) climatically more stable regions have harbored rare species and hence a large fraction of Earth's plant species via reduced extinction risk but that (ii) climate change and human land use are now disproportionately impacting rare species. Estimates of global species abundance distributions have important implications for risk assessments and conservation planning in this era of rapid global change.