Verticillium longisporum, the invisible threat to oilseed rape and other brassicaceous plant hosts
Verticillium longisporum, the invisible threat to oilseed rape and other brassicaceous plant hosts
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DOI：
10.1111/mpp.12350
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Thomma, Bart P. H. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Depotter, Jasper R. L.;Deketelaere, Silke;Thomma, Bart P. H. J.
黄萎病是一种全球性分布的病原菌，每年都会造成严重的农作物损失。大多数黄萎病是由大丽轮枝菌引起的，其在广泛的植物宿主上是致病性的，而其他致病性黄萎病菌物种具有更有限的宿主范围。分类真菌界;子囊菌门;球壳菌纲;肉座菌纲;刺球菌科;轮枝菌属。病害在生长季节结束时，看起来健康的油菜植株的茎上会出现深色的单侧条纹。微菌核随后在表皮下的茎皮层中形成。基因组长孢轮枝菌是轮枝菌属中唯一的非单倍体物种，因为它是一种双二倍体杂交种，由于种间杂交，它携带的遗传物质几乎是其他轮枝菌属物种的两倍。抗性育种是疾病管理的首选策略。但目前仅鉴定出少数抗黄萎病基因，尚未发现抗长孢黄萎病的单基因抗性。数量抗性主要存在于亲本甘蓝系的芸苔属C基因组中，并可能渗入油菜育种系中。共同名称被长孢黄萎病菌定殖的油菜不会出现萎蔫症状，因此，黄萎病的俗称不适合这种作物。因此，我们建议将油菜黄萎病病的通称为“茎条病”。
IntroductionThe causal agents of Verticillium wilts are globally distributed pathogens that cause significant crop losses every year. Most Verticillium wilts are caused by V. dahliae, which is pathogenic on a broad range of plant hosts, whereas other pathogenic Verticillium species have more restricted host ranges. In contrast, V. longisporum appears to prefer brassicaceous plants and poses an increasing problem to oilseed rape production.TaxonomyKingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class Sordariomycetes; Subclass Hypocreomycetida; Family Plectosphaerellaceae; genus Verticillium.Disease symptomsDark unilateral stripes appear on the stems of apparently healthy looking oilseed rape plants at the end of the growing season. Microsclerotia are subsequently formed in the stem cortex beneath the epidermis.GenomeVerticillium longisporum is the only non-haploid species in the Verticillium genus, as it is an amphidiploid hybrid that carries almost twice as much genetic material as the other Verticillium species as a result of interspecific hybridization.Disease managementThere is no effective fungicide treatment to control Verticillium diseases, and resistance breeding is the preferred strategy for disease management. However, only a few Verticillium wilt resistance genes have been identified, and monogenic resistance against V. longisporum has not yet been found. Quantitative resistance exists mainly in the Brassica C-genome of parental cabbage lines and may be introgressed in oilseed rape breeding lines.Common nameOilseed rape colonized by V. longisporum does not develop wilting symptoms, and therefore the common name of Verticillium wilt is unsuitable for this crop. Therefore, we propose Verticillium stem striping' as the common name for Verticillium infections of oilseed rape.