Phytofiltration of arsenic from drinking water using arsenic-hyperaccumulating ferns.
Phytofiltration of arsenic from drinking water using arsenic-hyperaccumulating ferns.
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DOI：
10.1021/es0351645
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发表时间：
2004-04
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jianwei W. Huang;C. Poynton;L. Kochian;M. Elless
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianwei W. Huang;C. Poynton;L. Kochian;M. Elless
饮用水的砷污染对全世界数百万人的健康构成严重威胁。目前用于净化砷污染水的技术存在重大缺陷，如成本高和产生大量有毒废物。在这项研究中，我们调查了使用最近确定的砷超积累蕨类植物，以消除饮用水中的砷的潜力。水培条件下，两种砷超积累蕨类植物（Pteris vittata和Pteris cretica cv. Mayii）和一种非积累性蕨类植物（肾蕨）悬浮在含有73 As标记砷的水中，砷的初始浓度为20 ~ 500 μ g L（-1）。砷植物过滤的效率，这些蕨类植物物种测定通过连续监测消耗的73砷标记的砷浓度在水中。当初始水砷浓度为200 μ g L（-1）时，在24 h内，使砷浓度降低98.6%至2.8 μ g L（-1）。当初始水砷为20 μ g L（-1）时，弹涂鱼在6 h内将砷浓度降低至7.2 μ g L（-1），在24 h内将砷浓度降低至0.4 μ g L（-1）。在相似的植物年龄，P. vittata和P. cretica具有相似的砷植物过滤效率，能够快速去除水中的砷，使砷含量低于新的饮用水限制10微克L（-1）。然而，N.在相同的实验条件下，exaltata未能将水砷降低到极限。砷超积累蕨类植物的砷植物过滤效率显着较高，与他们的能力，迅速转运吸收砷从根到芽。非积累蕨类N. exaltata不能将吸收的砷转移到芽中。我们的研究结果表明，砷植物过滤技术可以提供太阳能水培技术，使小规模的砷污染的饮用水的净化的基础。
Arsenic contamination of drinking water poses serious health risks to millions of people worldwide. Current technologies used to clean arsenic-contaminated water have significant drawbacks, such as high cost and generation of large volumes of toxic waste. In this study, we investigated the potential of using recently identified arsenic-hyperaccumulating ferns to remove arsenic from drinking water. Hydroponically cultivated, two arsenic-hyperaccumulating fern species (Pteris vittata and Pteris cretica cv. Mayii) and a nonaccumulating fern species (Nephrolepis exaltata) were suspended in water containing 73As-labeled arsenic with initial arsenic concentrations ranging from 20 to 500 microg L(-1). The efficiency of arsenic phytofiltration by these fern species was determined by continuously monitoring the depletion of 73As-labeled arsenic concentration in the water. With an initial water arsenic concentration of 200 microg L(-1), P. vittata reduced the arsenic concentration by 98.6% to 2.8 microg L(-1) in 24 h. When the initial water arsenic was 20 microg L(-1), P. vittata reduced the arsenic concentration to 7.2 microg L(-1) in 6 h and to 0.4 microg L(-1) in 24 h. At similar plant ages, both P. vittata and P. cretica had similar arsenic phytofiltration efficiency and were able to rapidly remove arsenic from water to achieve arsenic levels below the new drinking water limit of 10 microg L(-1). However, N. exaltata failed to reduce water arsenic to achieve the limit under the same experimental conditions. The significantly higher efficiency of arsenic phytofiltration by arsenic-hyperaccumulating fern species is associated with their ability to rapidly translocate absorbed arsenic from roots to shoots. The nonaccumulating fern N. exaltata was unable to translocate the absorbed arsenic to the shoots. Our results demonstrate that the arsenic-phytofiltration technique may provide the basis for a solar-powered hydroponic technique that enables small-scale cleanup of arsenic-contaminated drinking water.