Acute effects of oral cocaine on inhibitory control of behavior in humans
Acute effects of oral cocaine on inhibitory control of behavior in humans
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DOI：
10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00062-5
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hays, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fillmore, MT;Rush, CR;Hays, L
对人类的研究表明，有可卡因滥用史的个体对行为冲动的抑制控制能力下降。目前的研究测试了口服可卡因对人类行为抑制能力的影响。有可卡因滥用史的8名成年志愿者（7男1女）作为住院志愿者参加了研究。反应抑制和反应执行是通过停止信号范式来测量的，使用选择反应时间任务，当停止信号偶尔通知受试者抑制反应时，受试者对继续信号作出反应。在随机双盲给药0毫克（安慰剂）、50毫克、100毫克和150毫克口服可卡因HCl之前和之后1小时，测试了受试者在任务中的表现。可卡因降低了受试者对停止信号的抑制能力。相比之下，在执行反应的速度和准确性方面，没有观察到可卡因的影响。还观察了可卡因的主观和生理效应。综上所述，研究结果表明，在不影响反应能力的剂量下，急性服用可卡因会损害抑制行为反应的能力。这些发现很重要，因为它们确定了可卡因的一种特定的去抑制作用，可以帮助解释长期使用可卡因和冲动控制能力差之间的文献联系。(C) 2002爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Studies of humans show that individuals with histories of cocaine abuse display reduced inhibitory control over behavioral impulses. The present study tested the effects of oral cocaine on the ability to inhibit behavior in humans. Eight adult volunteers (seven men and one woman) with a history of cocaine abuse participated as in-patient volunteers. Response inhibition and response execution were measured by a stop-signal paradigm using a choice reaction time task that engaged subjects in responding to go-signals when stop-signals occasionally informed them to inhibit the response. Subjects' performance on the task was tested just before and 1 h after a randomized, double-blind administration of 0 mg (placebo), 50, 100, and 150 mg of oral cocaine HCl. Cocaine reduced subjects' ability to inhibit responses to stop-signals. By contrast, no effect of cocaine was observed on the ability to execute responses in terms of their speed and accuracy. Subjective and physiological effects of cocaine were also observed. Together, the findings indicate that acute administration of cocaine can impair the ability to inhibit behavioral responses at doses that do not affect the ability to respond. These findings are important because they identify a specific disinhibiting effect of cocaine that could help explain the documented association between long-term cocaine use and poor impulse control. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.