Liking and wanting of drug and non-drug rewards in active cocaine users: the STRAP-R questionnaire
Liking and wanting of drug and non-drug rewards in active cocaine users: the STRAP-R questionnaire
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/0269881108096982
复制
发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Volkow, N. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein, R. Z.;Woicik, P. A.;Volkow, N. D.
很少有研究专门研究药物奖励的主观价值，因为它与成瘾个体的主要非药物奖励的价值相比较。本研究的目的是评估与“食物”和“性”相比，预期的“毒品”奖励的“喜欢”和“想要”，而受访者报告了三种不同的情况（“当前”，假设的“一般”和“受毒品影响”）。总共有20名可卡因成瘾者（平均戒断2天）和20名健康对照者在接受口服多巴胺激动剂哌甲酯（20mg）或安慰剂后，进行了成瘾和其他主要奖励强化敏感性问卷调查（STRAP-R）。当报告“受药物影响”的情况时（药物比食物，否则，药物<食物），成瘾样本内强化物的相对值发生了变化。这种变化在开始使用可卡因的年龄最小的成瘾个体中最高。此外，在报告服用哌甲酯期间的情况时，成瘾受试者的“药物”“想要”超过“药物”“喜欢”。因此，可卡因成瘾的个体将最高的主观效价分配给“毒品”奖励，但只有在回忆线索相关的情况时。当回忆起这种情况时，他们也报告了比享乐“喜欢”更高的“毒品”“欲望”，这种动机转变只有在服用哌甲酯时才有意义。总之，这些效价变化可能是成瘾个体在药理学或行为线索暴露下强迫性兴奋剂滥用的基础。需要进一步的研究来评估更大样本中STRAP-R的可靠性，并检查其在测量归因于有经验的强化者的主观价值或预测行为方面的有效性。
Few studies have examined the subjective value attributed to drug rewards specifically as it compares with the value attributed to primary non-drug rewards in addicted individuals. The objective of this study is to assess 'liking' and 'wanting' of expected 'drug' rewards as compared to 'food' and 'sex' while respondents report about three different situations ('current', and hypothetical 'in general', and 'under drug influence'). In all, 20 cocaine-addicted individuals (mean abstinence = 2 days) and 20 healthy control subjects were administered the STRAP-R (Sensitivity To Reinforcement of Addictive and other Primary Rewards) questionnaire after receiving an oral dose of the dopamine agonist methylphenidate (20 mg) or placebo. The reinforcers' relative value changed within the addicted sample when reporting about the 'under drug influence' situation (drug > food; otherwise, drug < food). This change was highest in the addicted individuals with the youngest age of cocaine use onset. Moreover, 'drug' 'wanting' exceeded 'drug' 'liking' in the addicted subjects when reporting about this situation during methylphenidate. Thus, cocaine-addicted individuals assign the highest subjective valence to 'drug' rewards but only when recalling cue-related situations. When recalling this situation, they also report higher 'drug' 'wanting' than hedonic 'liking', a motivational shift that was only significant during methylphenidate. Together, these valence shifts may underlie compulsive stimulant abuse upon pharmacological or behavioural cue exposure in addicted individuals. Additional studies are required to assess the reliability of the STRAP-R in larger samples and to examine its validity in measuring the subjective value attributed to experienced reinforcers or in predicting behaviour.