Parasites dominate hyperdiverse soil protist communities in Neotropical rainforests
Parasites dominate hyperdiverse soil protist communities in Neotropical rainforests
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DOI：
10.1038/s41559-017-0091
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Dunthorn, Micah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahe, Frederic;de Vargas, Colomban;Dunthorn, Micah
热带雨林群落中丰富的动植物长期以来一直吸引着自然学家。目前尚不清楚是否类似的超多样性模式反映在微生物规模与单细胞真核生物（原生生物）。在这里，我们表明，使用enaminmental metabarcoding的土壤样品和一个有意识的清洁步骤，原生生物群落在新热带雨林是高度多样性和占主导地位的寄生Apicomplexa，感染节肢动物和其他动物。这些宿主特异性寄生虫可能通过以密度依赖的方式减少种群增长，从而促进森林中的高动物多样性。相比之下，太少的操作分类单位（OTU）的卵菌门被发现广泛驱动高热带树木多样性在主机特定的方式下Janzen-Connell模型。极高的OTU多样性和同一森林内样本之间的高度异质性表明，原生生物，而不是节肢动物，是热带雨林中最多样化的真核生物。我们的数据表明，原生生物在热带陆地生态系统中发挥着重要作用，长期以来一直被视为由大型生物主导。
High animal and plant richness in tropical rainforest communities has long intrigued naturalists. It is unknown if similar hyper-diversity patterns are reflected at the microbial scale with unicellular eukaryotes (protists). Here we show, using enwironmental metabarcoding of soil samples and a phylogeny-aware cleaning step, that protist communities in Neotropical rainforests are hyperdiverse and dominated by the parasitic Apicomplexa, which infect arthropods and other animals. These host-specific parasites potentially contribute to the high animal diversity in the forests by reducing population growth in a density-dependent manner. By contrast, too few operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Oomycota were found to broadly drive high tropical tree diversity in a host-specific manner under the Janzen-Connell model. Extremely high OTU diversity and high heterogeneity between samples within the same forests suggest that protists, not arthropods, are the most diverse eukaryotes in tropical rainforests. Our data show that protists play a large role in tropical terrestrial ecosystems long viewed as being dominated by macroorganisms.