Recent population declines in Afro-Palaearctic migratory birds: the influence of breeding and non-breeding seasons
Recent population declines in Afro-Palaearctic migratory birds: the influence of breeding and non-breeding seasons
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DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12084
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gill, Jennifer A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrison, Catriona A.;Robinson, Robert A.;Gill, Jennifer A.
最近，许多非洲-古北极候鸟种群数量的迅速下降，使人们关注非洲内部不断变化的环境。然而，影响人口变化的过程可以贯穿整个年周期和整个迁徙范围。在此，我们探讨了繁殖和非繁殖条件对不同迁徙状态和越冬生态的英国繁殖鸟类种群趋势的影响。地理位置大不列颠（英格兰和苏格兰）。方法对46种不同迁徙策略的鸟类种群趋势进行量化分析。结果1994 ~ 2007年，苏格兰和英格兰的19种常住种和15种长途候鸟种群变化率存在显著差异，而12种短途候鸟种群变化率基本一致。在非洲干旱地区过冬的六种长途迁徙物种中，有五种在英国的数量正在增加。相比之下，在非洲潮湿地区过冬的7种鸟类在英格兰都在减少，但其中5种在苏格兰却在增加。因此，在苏格兰，干旱和潮湿地区的物种数量的增长都明显快于英格兰，只有在潮湿地区越冬的物种的英国繁殖种群数量在下降。主要结论长途候鸟种群数量下降，特别是在湿润地区越冬的候鸟种群数量下降，而非常住候鸟和短途候鸟种群数量的下降表明非繁殖季节条件对种群数量趋势的影响。然而，与苏格兰相比，英格兰的长距离迁徙和常驻物种的种群趋势一直不那么有利，这强烈表明，繁殖地质量的变化正在影响最近的种群变化。英格兰潮湿地区物种的减少，但苏格兰没有，可能是由于英格兰较差的繁殖条件加剧了非繁殖条件的影响，或者与较长时间迁徙相关的成本，而苏格兰较好的条件可能缓冲了这些影响。
Aim Recent, rapid population declines in many Afro-Palaearctic migratory bird species have focussed attention on changing conditions within Africa. However, processes influencing population change can operate throughout the annual cycle and throughout migratory ranges. Here, we explore the evidence for impacts of breeding and non-breeding conditions on population trends of British breeding birds of varying migratory status and wintering ecology.Location Great Britain (England & Scotland).Methods Within-and between-species variation in population trends is quantified for 46 bird species with differing migration strategies.Results Between 1994 and 2007, rates of population change in Scotland and England differed significantly for 19 resident and 15 long-distance migrant species, but were similar for 12 short-distance migrant species. Of the six long-distance migrant species that winter in the arid zone of Africa, five are increasing in abundance throughout Britain. In contrast, the seven species wintering in the humid zone of Africa are all declining in England, but five of these are increasing in Scotland. Consequently, populations of both arid and humid zone species are increasing significantly faster in Scotland than England, and only the English breeding populations of species wintering in the humid zone are declining.Main conclusions Population declines in long-distance migrants, especially those wintering in the humid zone, but not residents or short-distance migrants suggest an influence of non-breeding season conditions on population trends. However, the consistently less favourable population trends in England than Scotland of long-distance migrant and resident species strongly suggest that variation in the quality of breeding grounds is influencing recent population changes. The declines in humid zone species in England, but not Scotland, may result from poorer breeding conditions in England exacerbating the impacts of non-breeding conditions or the costs associated with a longer migration, while better conditions in Scotland may be buffering these impacts.