Mental health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent class trajectory analysis using longitudinal UK data.
Mental health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent class trajectory analysis using longitudinal UK data.
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DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00151-6
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
64.3
通讯作者：
Abel, Kathryn M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pierce, Matthias;McManus, Sally;Hope, Holly;Hotopf, Matthew;Ford, Tamsin;Hatch, Stephani L.;John, Ann;Kontopantelis, Evangelos;Webb, Roger T.;Wessely, Simon;Abel, Kathryn M.
英国人口的心理健康状况在COVID-19疫情爆发时有所下降。便利抽样调查表明，复苏很快开始。使用概率样本，我们跟踪了大流行期间的心理健康状况，以确定心理健康轨迹并确定恶化的预测因素。这项研究是对2020年4月底至10月初的五波英国家庭纵向研究（一项大型的全国性基于概率的调查，自2009年1月以来一直在收集数据）和2018-19年大流行前数据的二次分析。使用12项一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）评估心理健康状况。我们使用潜在类混合模型来识别离散的心理健康轨迹，并使用固定效应回归来识别心理健康变化的预测因子。对19763名成人（≥16岁; 11477名[58.1%]女性和8287名[41.9%]男性; 3453名[17.5%]少数民族参与者）进行了心理健康评估。随着大流行的爆发，平均人群心理健康状况恶化，直到2020年7月才开始改善。潜在类别分析确定了截至2020年10月的五种不同的心理健康轨迹。在大流行的前6个月，大多数人的心理健康状况一直良好（7437名[39.3%]参与者）或一直非常好（7623名[37.5%]参与者）。一个康复组（1727名[12.0%]参与者）在大流行的最初冲击期间表现出心理健康恶化，然后在2020年10月之前恢复到大流行前的心理健康水平。其余两组在整个观察期内的特征是心理健康状况较差;对于一组（523 [4.1%]名参与者），心理健康状况最初恶化，并持续评分高企。另一组（1011名[7.0%]参与者）的心理健康最初几乎没有急性恶化，但随着时间的推移，他们的心理健康状况稳步持续下降。后两个群体更有可能预先存在精神或身体疾病，生活在贫困的社区，是亚洲人、黑人或混合族裔。感染SARS-CoV-2、当地封锁和经济困难都预示着随后的心理健康恶化。在2020年4月至10月期间，大多数英国成年人的心理健康保持弹性或恢复到疫情前的水平。大约九分之一的人心理健康状况恶化或持续不佳。生活在受封锁影响、经济困难、患有既往疾病或感染SARS-CoV-2地区的人们可能从早期干预中受益最大。没有。
The mental health of the UK population declined at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Convenience sample surveys indicate that recovery began soon after. Using a probability sample, we tracked mental health during the pandemic to characterise mental health trajectories and identify predictors of deterioration. This study was a secondary analysis of five waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (a large, national, probability-based survey that has been collecting data continuously since January, 2009) from late April to early October, 2020 and pre-pandemic data taken from 2018–19. Mental health was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We used latent class mixed models to identify discrete mental health trajectories and fixed-effects regression to identify predictors of change in mental health. Mental health was assessed in 19 763 adults (≥16 years; 11 477 [58·1%] women and 8287 [41·9%] men; 3453 [17·5%] participants from minority ethnic groups). Mean population mental health deteriorated with the onset of the pandemic and did not begin improving until July, 2020. Latent class analysis identified five distinct mental health trajectories up to October 2020. Most individuals in the population had either consistently good (7437 [39·3%] participants) or consistently very good (7623 [37·5%] participants) mental health across the first 6 months of the pandemic. A recovering group (1727 [12·0%] participants) showed worsened mental health during the initial shock of the pandemic and then returned to around pre-pandemic levels of mental health by October, 2020. The two remaining groups were characterised by poor mental health throughout the observation period; for one group, (523 [4·1%] participants) there was an initial worsening in mental health that was sustained with highly elevated scores. The other group (1011 [7·0%] participants) had little initial acute deterioration in their mental health, but reported a steady and sustained decline in mental health over time. These last two groups were more likely to have pre-existing mental or physical ill-health, to live in deprived neighbourhoods, and be of Asian, Black or mixed ethnicity. Infection with SARS-CoV-2, local lockdown, and financial difficulties all predicted a subsequent deterioration in mental health. Between April and October 2020, the mental health of most UK adults remained resilient or returned to pre-pandemic levels. Around one in nine individuals had deteriorating or consistently poor mental health. People living in areas affected by lockdown, struggling financially, with pre-existing conditions, or infection with SARS-CoV-2 might benefit most from early intervention. None.