Hospital wards and modular construction: Summertime overheating and energy efficiency
Hospital wards and modular construction: Summertime overheating and energy efficiency
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.05.041
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发表时间：
2018-08-15
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Allinson, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fifield, L. J.;Lomas, K. J.;Allinson, D.
英国国家卫生服务体系（NHS）一直面临着提供更多床位的压力，并在预算紧张的情况下这样做。因此，NHS信托基金可能会转向模块化建筑，这有望加快建设速度和降低能源需求，帮助NHS实现其严格的能源目标。然而，越来越多的证据表明，热轻质，良好的绝缘和自然通风的住宅是在英国温暖的夏天过热的风险。本文探讨了能源需求和内部温度在两个16张病床的病房建于2008年在英国北方布拉德福德皇家医院使用模块化快速通道方法。这座两层楼的建筑使用天花板安装的辐射板，并结合自然和机械通风以及热回收来调节病人的房间。监测显示，每年的能源需求为289 kWh/m（2）+/-16%，低于NHS对新医院建筑物的指导方针。据观察，卫生署技术备忘录HTM 03 -01中给出的标准可能导致对现有建筑物过热风险的错误诊断。使用其他静态和自适应过热标准的评估表明，病房和护士站在夏季过热。为了维护病人的安全，临时空调机组必须安装在最温暖的天气。它的结论是，热重量轻，绝缘良好，自然通风的医院病房可以是低能量，但在过热的风险，即使在相对凉爽的英国夏季条件下，这需要得到解决之前，这样的建筑物可以被推荐为更广泛的采用。
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is continually under pressure to provide more bed spaces and to do this within a tight budget. Therefore, NHS Trusts may turn to modular buildings, which promise faster construction and low energy demands helping the NHS meet its stringent energy targets. However, there is growing evidence that thermally lightweight, well insulated and naturally ventilated dwellings are at risk of overheating during warm UK summers.This paper examines the energy demands and internal temperatures in two 16-bed hospital wards built in 2008 at Bradford Royal Infirmary in northern England using modular fast track methods. The two-storey building used ceiling-mounted radiant panels and a mix of natural and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery to condition patients' rooms. Monitoring showed that the annual energy demand was 289 kWh/m(2) +/- 16%, which is below the NHS guidelines for new hospital buildings.It was observed that the criterion given in Department of Health Technical Memorandum HTM03-01 can lead to the incorrect diagnosis of overheating risk in existing buildings. Assessment using other static and adaptive overheating criteria showed that patient rooms and the nurses' station overheated in summer. To maintain patient safety, temporary air conditioning units had to be installed during the warmest weather.It is concluded that thermally lightweight, well insulated, naturally ventilated hospital wards can be low energy but are at risk of overheating even in relatively cool UK summer conditions and that this needs to be addressed before such buildings can be recommended for wider adoption.