Oral Porphyromonas gingivalis Infections Increase the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.
Oral Porphyromonas gingivalis Infections Increase the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.
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DOI：
10.3290/j.ohpd.b3818045
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Fukai Bao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuwen Fu;Xin Xu;Yu Zhang;Peng Yue;Yuxin Fan;Meixiao Liu;Jingjing Chen;Aihua Liu;Xiufeng Zhang;Fukai Bao;Yuwen Fu;Xin Xu;Yu Zhang;Peng Yue;Yuxin Fan;Meixiao Liu;Jingjing Chen;Aihua Liu;Xiufeng Zhang;Fukai Bao
Periodontal Periodontal disease disease (PD) (PD) and and Alzheimer's Alzheimer's disease disease (AD) (AD) are are inflammatory inflammatory diseases diseases affecting affecting the the adult adult population population of of the the world. world. PD PD is is mainly mainly caused caused by by infection infection with with Porphyromonas Porphyromonas gingivalis gingivalis (P. (P. gingivalis) gingivalis) and and by by the the synergistic synergistic action action of of various various microorganisms. microorganisms. These These microorganisms microorganisms penetrate penetrate into into the the subgingival subgingival tissue tissue and and cause cause bacteremia, bacteremia, leading leading to to disruption disruption of of the the homeostasis homeostasis of of the the internal internal environment environment of of the the body. body. Virulence Virulence factors factors known known as as gingipains, gingipains, which which are are cysteine cysteine proteases proteases and and other other toxins, toxins, including including fimbria fimbria and and lipopolysaccharides lipopolysaccharides (LPS), (LPS), are are strongly strongly associated associated with with periodontitis periodontitis and and other other systemic systemic inflammation. inflammation. PD PD has has a a known known polymicrobial polymicrobial aetiology, aetiology, and and patients patients who who eventually eventually develop develop sporadic sporadic AD AD tend tend to to have have recurrent recurrent infections infections before before a a clinical clinical diagnosis diagnosis of of dementia. dementia. AD, AD, the the most most common common neurodegenerative neurodegenerative disease, disease, is is characterised characterised by by poor poor memory memory and and specific specific hallmark hallmark proteins. proteins. An An increasing increasing number number of of studies studies have have shown shown that that periodontal periodontal pathogens pathogens are are increasingly increasingly associated associated with with this this form form of of dementia. dementia. Many Many articles articles have have shown shown that that P. P. gingivalis gingivalis infections infections directly directly increase increase the the risk risk of of PD PD and and may may indirectly indirectly lead lead to to the the development development of of AD. AD. However, However, these these links links and and probable probable pathogenesis pathogenesis remain remain to to be be explored. explored. The The aim aim of of this this review review was was to to explore explore whether whether P. P. gingivalis gingivalis periodontal periodontal infection infection is is associated associated with with AD AD and and to to provide provide possible possible mechanisms mechanisms of of association. association.
