Comparing the Nucleocapsid Proteins of Human Coronaviruses: Structure, Immunoregulation, Vaccine, and Targeted Drug.
Comparing the Nucleocapsid Proteins of Human Coronaviruses: Structure, Immunoregulation, Vaccine, and Targeted Drug.
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人类冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白的比较：结构、免疫调节、疫苗和靶向药物
DOI：
10.3389/fmolb.2022.761173
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
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中科院分区：
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7种致病性人类冠状病毒（hcov）包括HCoV-229E、HCoV-OC43、HCoV-NL63和HCoV-HKU1，它们通常会引起轻度上呼吸道疾病，以及SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2，它们会引起严重的急性呼吸道综合征。核衣壳蛋白作为冠状病毒中与基因组RNA结合的优势结构蛋白，在病毒入侵后参与多种重要活动，可能成为抗病毒药物设计的一个有前景的靶点。因此，对人冠状病毒的致病机制和治疗策略进行全面的文献综述，对控制疫情是必要的。本文对hcov N蛋白的结构、免疫调控、潜在的疫苗和靶向药物进行了系统的综述。首先，我们对N蛋白的基本结构和分子功能进行了概述。接下来，我们概述了N蛋白介导的免疫调节及其发病机制。最后，我们全面总结了N蛋白靶向药物和候选疫苗治疗2019冠状病毒病的研究进展。我们认为这篇综述有助于深入了解SARS-CoV-2的毒力和传播方式，并为进一步研究COVID-19的疫情控制提供支持。
The seven pathogenic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) include HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, which usually cause mild upper respiratory tract diseases, and SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, which cause a severe acute respiratory syndrome. The nucleocapsid (N) protein, as the dominant structural protein from coronaviruses that bind to the genomic RNA, participates in various vital activities after virus invasion and will probably become a promising target of antiviral drug design. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review of human coronavirus’ pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic strategies is necessary for the control of the pandemic. Here, we give a systematic summary of the structures, immunoregulation, and potential vaccines and targeted drugs of the HCoVs N protein. First, we provide a general introduction to the fundamental structures and molecular function of N protein. Next, we outline the N protein mediated immune regulation and pathogenesis mechanism. Finally, we comprehensively summarize the development of potential N protein-targeted drugs and candidate vaccines to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We believe this review provides insight into the virulence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 as well as support for further study on epidemic control of COVID-19.