Virtual water flow and water footprint as optimizer of water resource management in the state of Ceará, Brazil
Virtual water flow and water footprint as optimizer of water resource management in the state of Ceará, Brazil
复制标题
虚拟水流和水足迹作为巴西塞阿拉州水资源管理的优化器
DOI：
10.5327/z217694781003
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Camila Cavalcante Silva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ivana Sampaio Leite;R. Sabiá;A. Matos;Camila Cavalcante Silva
通过将产品发送到其他国家或反之亦然而间接出口的水被称为虚拟水流量，这可以通过水足迹（WF）计算来衡量，它代表了制造产品所需的嵌入式水。本研究旨在分析2019年塞阿拉州各市出口的主要产品的虚拟水流量和WF，以加强该州水资源的管理。层次分析法（AHP）是世界上最常用的多标准决策方法，用于确定塞阿拉市政府生产的产品更具可持续性，标准为：WF，价格和出口量。这些替代品至少是该州出口的七类产品中的两类，其中“水果或蔬菜汁”类被认为是最可持续的。结果发现，该州大多数出口农产品的城市只使用一个流域，这可能导致水库水位非常低，而该州其他水文流域则未得到充分利用。值得注意的是，根据巴西地理和统计研究所（IBGE，2019）的数据，大都市盆地集中在32个出口到国外的城市中的11个，负责供应超过4，074，730名居民。
The water exported indirectly by sending products to other countries, or vice versa, is called a virtual water flow and this can be measured through water footprint (WF) calculations, which represent the embedded water needed to manufacture a product. This present study aims to analyze the virtual water flow and the WF of the main products exported by municipalities in the state of Ceará in the year 2019, in order to enhance the management of the state’s water resources. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the most commonly used multicriteria decision-making method in the world, was used to determine which product is more sustainably produced by the municipalities of Ceará, with the criteria: WF, price, and volume exported. The alternatives are at least two of the seven categories of products exported by the state where the “fruit or vegetable juices” class was preferred as the most sustainable. It was found that most cities in the state that export agricultural products use only one basin, which can lead to very low reservoir levels, while the other hydrographic basins in the state are underused. It is worth noting that the Metropolitan Basin concentrates on 11 out of 32 municipalities that export abroad and that it is responsible for supplying more than 4,074,730 inhabitants, according to Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE, 2019).