Inter-annual variation in prevalence and intensity of mite parasitism relates to appearance and expression of damselfly resistance.
Inter-annual variation in prevalence and intensity of mite parasitism relates to appearance and expression of damselfly resistance.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6785-10-5
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发表时间：
2010-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Forbes MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagel L;Robb T;Forbes MR
昆虫可以通过昂贵的黑素包被过程来抵抗寄生虫。这种形式的生理抗性已在实验室条件下进行了研究，但影响天然昆虫种群抗性的非生物和生物因素尚不清楚。以温带豆娘种群为研究对象，对7个季节的豆娘寄生情况进行了研究，探讨了寄主的寄生程度、寄主的性别、寄主的大小、羽化时间、羽化持续时间和日平均气温等因素对采食管黑化的影响。虽然每年新出现的豆娘中寄生虫的流行率为0.77%，但在研究的最初几年，宿主对螨没有抵抗力。在新出现的豆娘身上的螨虫数量急剧增加的那一年开始出现抗药性。在整个7年的研究中，抗性继续与螨的流行和强度相关。然而，在不同的年份中，抗性的百分比仅在0-13%之间，并且抗性不存在性别偏见，也与宿主的大小无关。抗性也与气温、豆娘羽化的时间和持续时间无关。在研究期间，寄主豆娘的抗性表现弱且呈变异。温度等因素在实验室研究中已被确定有助于类似宿主产生耐药性，但在自然种群中可能无关紧要。这种温度效应的缺乏可能是由于寄主羽化时所观察到的温度在不同年份之间的范围很窄。螨的寄生程度预示着被寄生豆娘的出现和抗性的持续表达。
Insects can resist parasites using the costly process of melanotic encapsulation. This form of physiological resistance has been studied under laboratory conditions, but the abiotic and biotic factors affecting resistance in natural insect populations are not well understood. Mite parasitism of damselflies was studied in a temperate damselfly population over seven seasons to determine if melanotic encapsulation of mite feeding tubes was related to degree of parasitism, host sex, host size, emergence timing, duration of the emergence period, and average daily air temperature. Although parasite prevalence in newly emerged damselflies was > 77% each year, hosts did not resist mites in the early years of study. Resistance began the year that there was a dramatic increase in the number of mites on newly emerged damselflies. Resistance continued to be correlated with mite prevalence and intensity throughout the seven-year study. However, the percentage of hosts resisting only ranged from 0-13% among years and resistance was not sex-biased and was not correlated with host size. Resistance also was not correlated with air temperature or with timing or duration of damselfly emergence. Resistance in host damselflies was weakly and variably expressed over the study period. Factors such as temperature, which have been identified in laboratory studies as contributing to resistance by similar hosts, can be irrelevant in natural populations. This lack of temperature effect may be due to the narrow range in temperatures observed at host emergence among years. Degree of mite parasitism predicted both the appearance and continued expression of resistance among parasitized damselflies.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00317598
发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
Oecologia (Berlin)
影响因子：
--
作者：
FORBES M R L;BAKER R L
通讯作者：
BAKER R L
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
FORBES, MRL
通讯作者：
FORBES, MRL
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Bush, AO;Lafferty, KD;Shostak, AW
通讯作者：
Shostak, AW
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Fellowes, MDE;Kraaijeveld, AR
通讯作者：
Kraaijeveld, AR
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Fellowes, MDE;Kraaijeveld, AR;Godfray, HCJ
通讯作者：
Godfray, HCJ