Duplication of modules facilitates the evolution of functional specialization
Duplication of modules facilitates the evolution of functional specialization
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DOI：
10.1162/106454600568320
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Wagner, GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calabretta, R;Nolfi, S;Wagner, GP
本文研究了三种不同体系结构的模拟机器人的演化。我们比较了一个非模块化的前馈网络，一个硬连线的模块化，和一个基于复制的模块化电机控制网络。我们的结论是，这两个模块化的架构优于非模块化的架构，无论是在适应率以及适应水平的实现。硬连线和基于复制的模块化架构之间的主要区别在于，在后者中，模块在高级行为功能方面达到了其运动控制单元的更高程度的功能专业化。硬连线架构达到相同的性能水平，但将功能任务分配给电机控制单元。我们的结论是，通过该机制实现功能的专业化是类似的重复基因的进化提出的机制。据发现，多功能模块的重复首先导致模块的调节的变化，从而导致使用模块的功能上下文的分化。然后模块适应新的功能上下文。在第二步之后，系统被锁定到功能专用状态。我们认为，功能专业化可能是一个进化的吸收状态。
The evolution of simulated robots with three different architectures is studied in this article. We compare a nonmodular feed-forward network, a hardwired modular, and a duplication-based modular motor control network. We conclude that both modular architectures outperform the non-modular architecture, both in terms of rate of adaptation as well as the level of adaptation achieved. The main difference between the hardwired and duplication-based modular architectures is that in the latter the modules reached a much higher degree of functional specialization of their motor control units with regard to high-level behavioral Functions. The hardwired architectures reach the same level of performance, but have a more distributed assignment of Functional tasks to the motor control units. We conclude that the mechanism through which functional specialization is achieved is similar to the mechanism proposed for the evolution of duplicated genes. It is found that the duplication of multifunctional modules first leads to a change in the regulation of the module, leading to a differentiation of the functional context in which the module is used. Then the module adapts to the new functional context. After this second step the system is locked into a functionally specialized state. We suggest that functional specialization may be an evolutionary absorption state.