IMMUNOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PROCESS OF CARCINOGENESIS
IMMUNOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PROCESS OF CARCINOGENESIS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070310
复制
发表时间：
1964-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
BURNET, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BURNET, M
同种移植物的免疫、耐受等现象是建立在免疫监视过程的基础上的，免疫监视过程消除了个体表面抗原结构与正常细胞明显不同的细胞。任何致癌过程只有在以下情况下才能成功：(i)通过抑制被认为是由免疫能力细胞直接作用的控制效应过程来实现；（ii）丧失任何可识别为外来抗原；（iii）发展出能够压倒任何免疫控制的生长潜力。没有足够的证据表明免疫过程在恶性疾病的产生中起任何积极作用。与Green（1954）和Burch（1963）相反的推测可能最终会得到实验证实，但到目前为止，它们还没有启发式的用处，而且很难符合免疫反应的一般模式和意义。在人类和实际层面上，免疫过程最重要的影响可以从恶性疾病的年龄发病率曲线的形状中看出。高峰出现在幼儿期，这与围产期免疫功能不足引发的恶性疾病相对应，中年后随着年龄的增长而加速上升，可能部分与随着年龄的增长而逐渐丧失启动新的免疫反应的能力有关。
The phenomena manifested in homograft immunity, tolerance and the like are based on the existence of a process of immunological surveillance, which eliminates cells with surface antigenic structure recognizably different from that normal to the individual. Any carcinogenic process will be successful only if this control can be overcome: (i) by inhibition of the effector process of control which is presumed to be by the direct action of immunologically competent cells; (ii) by loss of any antigens recognizable as foreign; (iii) by the development of growth potential capable of overriding any immunological control. There is no adequate evidence to suggest that immune processes play any positive part in the production of malignant disease. The speculations to the contrary of Green (1954) and Burch (1963) may eventually find experimental confirmation, but up to the present they have not been heuristically useful and are difficult to fit into the general pattern and significance of immune reactions. At the human and practical level it may be that the most important effect of immunological processes is to be seen in the shape of the curve of the age incidence of malignant disease. The peak is in early childhood, which would correspond to malignant disease initiated in the perinatal period of immunological inadequacy, and the accelerating rise with age after middle life may be in part associated with the progressive loss of capacity to initiate new immunological reactions with advancing age.