Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 10-year follow-up study
Young adult outcome of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a controlled 10-year follow-up study
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291705006410
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Faraone, SV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biederman, J;Monuteaux, MC;Faraone, SV
背景本研究的目的是通过使用同期诊断和分析技术，评估患有和不患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的青少年样本中精神病理学的终生患病率。我们对ADHD青少年进行了一项为期10年的前瞻性病例对照研究。在基线时，我们评估了连续转诊的男性白人儿童（n = 140）和无（n = 120）DSM-III-R ADHD，年龄6-18岁，从精神病学和儿科来源确定，以允许结果的普遍性。在10年的随访中，分别对112名（80%）ADHD儿童和105名（88%）对照儿童进行了重新评估（平均年龄22岁）。我们创建了以下精神疾病类别：主要精神病理学（心境障碍和精神病）、焦虑障碍、反社会障碍（行为、对立违抗和反社会人格障碍）、发育障碍（消除、语言和抽动障碍）和物质依赖障碍（酒精、药物和尼古丁依赖），通过盲法结构化诊断访谈进行测量。与对照组相比，ADHD年轻人中所有精神病理学类别的终生患病率显著更高，风险比和95%置信区间为6。1（3（.）5-10（.）7）、2（.）2（1（.）5-3（.）2）、5（.）9（3（.）9-8（.）8）、2（.）5（1（.）7-3（.）6）和2（.）0（1（.）3-3（.）0），分别为上述类别。到了年轻的成年年龄，ADHD青少年面临着广泛的不良精神疾病后果的高风险，包括反社会，成瘾，情绪和焦虑障碍的显着升高。这些前瞻性的研究结果提供了进一步的证据与ADHD在整个生命周期的高发病率，并强调这种疾病的预防和干预策略的早期识别的重要性。
Background. Out-objective was to estimate the lifetime prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of youth with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) through young adulthood using contemporaneous diagnostic and analytic techniques.Method. We conducted a case-control, 10-year prospective study of ADHD youth. At baseline, we assessed consecutively referred male, Caucasian children with (n = 140) and without (n = 120) DSM-III-R ADHD, aged 6-18 years, ascertained from psychiatric and pediatric sources to allow for generalizability of results. At the 10-year follow-up, 112 (80%) and 105 (88%) of the ADHD and control children, respectively, were reassessed (mean age 22 years). We created the following categories of psychiatric disorders: Major Psychopathology (mood disorders and psychosis), Anxiety Disorders, Antisocial Disorders (conduct, oppositional-defiant, and antisocial personality disorder), Developmental Disorders (elimination, language, and tics disorder), and Substance Dependence Disorders (alcohol, drug, and nicotine dependence), as measured by blinded structured diagnostic interview.Results. The lifetime prevalence for all categories of psychopathology were significantly greater in ADHD young adults compared to controls, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of 6(.)1 (3(.)5-10(.)7), 2(.)2 (1(.)5-3(.)2), 5(.)9 (3(.)9-8(.)8), 2(.)5 (1(.)7-3(.)6), and 2(.)0 (1(.)3-3(.)0), respectively, for the categories described above.Conclusions. By their young adult years, ADHD Youth were at high risk for a wide range of adverse psychiatric outcomes including markedly elevated rates of antisocial, addictive, mood and anxiety disorders. These prospective findings provide further evidence for the high morbidity associated with ADHD across the life-cycle and stress the importance of early recognition of this disorder for prevention and intervention strategies.