The relationship between expertise and evaluative extremity: The moderating role of experts' task characteristics
The relationship between expertise and evaluative extremity: The moderating role of experts' task characteristics
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.5
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Chatard-Pannetier, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brauer, M;Chambres, P;Chatard-Pannetier, A
过去的研究在专业知识和评价极端之间的关系上产生了相互矛盾的结果。作者认为，这种明显的矛盾是由于专家活动的任务特点。某些专家的主要任务是制定总体（理论）判断，并产生清晰，明确的答案。这些专家往往给出相对极端的评价。其他专家通常会传达不同选择方案的含义，并解释刺激的特征方面。这些专家的特点是评价相对温和。本文中报告的研究表明，专家的专业活动涉及的专业判断往往比那些通常为他人提供特征解释的专家做出更极端的评价。它还表明，专家的任务特征影响他们在记忆中存储刺激相关属性的方式。
Past research has yielded contradictory results with regard to the relationship between expertise and evaluative extremity. The authors suggest that this apparent contradiction is due to the task characteristics of the expert activity. The primary task of certain experts is to formulate overall (configural) judgments and to generate clear, unambiguous answers. These experts tend to give relatively extreme evaluations. Other experts generally communicate the implications of the different choice alternatives and explain featural aspects of the stimuli. These experts are characterized by relatively moderate evaluations. The research reported in this article shows that experts whose expert activity involves configural judgments tend to make more extreme evaluations than experts who generally provide others with featural explanations. It also demonstrates that experts' task characteristics affect the way they store stimulus-relevant attributes in memory.