The neuropsychological basis of hypersociability in Williams and Down syndrome
The neuropsychological basis of hypersociability in Williams and Down syndrome
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.05.006
复制
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Langdon, Robyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Porter, Melanie A.;Coltheart, Max;Langdon, Robyn
患有威廉姆斯综合征（WS）的人在日常生活中对陌生人表现出不加选择的接近。患有唐氏综合症（DS）的人也可以这样做，但程度较轻。不适当的接近行为也是后天性杏仁核损伤和后天性额叶损伤的人的特征;鉴于此，WS和DS中出现的社会接近发展障碍可能是由于情绪识别不良（由于杏仁核功能异常）或行为控制不良（由于额叶异常）。对这种社会认知发展障碍的第三种解释可以用对社会刺激的高度显著性来表达。我们通过测试WS和DS患者的情绪识别、社交方式和额叶功能来探讨这三个假设。总的来说，我们的研究结果与杏仁核和社会显着性假设的预测不一致。与此相反，从电池的神经心理任务的结果表明，在WS和DS在日常生活中异常的社会方法是最好的解释额叶损伤，特别是，反应抑制差。皇冠版权所有（c）2007年出版的爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
People with Williams syndrome (WS) display indiscriminate approach toward strangers in everyday life. People with Down syndrome (DS) can also do so, but to a lesser degree. Inappropriate approach behavior is also characteristic of people with acquired amygdala damage and people with acquired frontal lobe impairment; given this, the developmental disorder of social approach seen in WS and perhaps also DS might be due to poor emotion recognition (due to abnormal amygdala functioning) or poor control of behavior (due to frontal lobe abnormality). A third account of this developmental disorder of social cognition can be couched in terms of heightened salience for social stimuli. We explored these three hypotheses by testing emotion recognition, social approach and frontal lobe functioning in people with WS and DS. Overall, our results were inconsistent with predictions from the amygdala and social salience hypotheses. In contrast, results from a battery of neuropsychological tasks suggested that abnormal social approach in WS and DS in everyday life is best explained by frontal lobe impairment, in particular, poor response inhibition. Crown Copyright (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.