EFFECTS OF LOW AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE AND SULFATES ON THE FREQUENCY OF RESPIRATORY ADMISSIONS TO ONTARIO HOSPITALS
EFFECTS OF LOW AMBIENT LEVELS OF OZONE AND SULFATES ON THE FREQUENCY OF RESPIRATORY ADMISSIONS TO ONTARIO HOSPITALS
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DOI：
10.1006/enrs.1994.1030
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发表时间：
1994-05-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
BROOK, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BURNETT, RT;DALES, RE;BROOK, J
为了调查环境空气污染对急性呼吸道健康的影响，安大略省168家急症护理医院的急诊或紧急每日呼吸道入院人数与每家医院附近臭氧和硫酸盐暴露量的估计值相关。臭氧水平是由安大略省环境部维持的22个监测站在1983年1月1日至1988年12月31日期间取得的。在安大略省环境和加拿大环境部运营的三个不同网络的9个监测站记录了每天的硫酸盐水平，发现住院与入院当天和入院前3天记录的臭氧和硫酸盐之间存在积极和统计上显著的关联。在5月至8月的每日呼吸入院病例中，有5%与臭氧有关，硫酸盐占这些入院病例的1%。臭氧比硫酸盐更能预测录取情况。臭氧-硫酸盐污染混合物与哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和感染的入院率呈正相关且有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。在所有年龄组中也发现了正相关，对婴儿的影响最大（15%的入院与臭氧-硫酸盐污染混合物有关），对老年人的影响最小（4%）。温度对空气污染-吸入关系没有影响。在168家急症医院中，臭氧（滞后1天）和硫酸盐（滞后1天）分别与91家和100%的呼吸道入院率呈正相关。空气污染与非呼吸系统入院人数没有关系，这是一种负性对照，与12月至3月的冬季入院人数也没有关系，此时臭氧和硫酸盐水平较低，人们在室内呆的时间也很长。(C) 1994学术出版社，Inc.
To investigate the acute respiratory health effects of ambient air pollution, the number of emergency or urgent daily respiratory admissions to 168 acute care hospitals in Ontario were related to estimates of exposure to ozone and sulfates in the vicinity of each hospital. Ozone levels were obtained from 22 monitoring stations maintained by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment for the period January 1, 1983 to December 31, 1988. Daily levels of sulfates were recorded at nine monitoring stations representing three different networks operated by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Environment Canada, Positive and statistically significant associations were found between hospital admissions and both ozone and sulfates recorded on the day of admission and up to 3 days prior to the date of admission. Five percent of daily respiratory admissions in the months of May to August were associated with ozone, with sulfates accounting for an additional 1% of these admissions. Ozone was a stronger predictor of admissions than sulfates. Positive and statistically significant (P < 0.05) associations were observed between the ozone-sulfate pollution mix and admissions for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and infections. Positive associations were also found in all age groups, with the largest impact on infants (15% of admissions associated with the ozone-sulfate pollution mix) and the least effects on the elderly (4%). Temperature had no effect on the air pollution-admission relationship. Ozone (lagged 1 day) and sulfates (lagged 1 day) displayed a positive association with respiratory admissions for 91 and 100% of the 168 acute care hospitals, respectively. Air pollution was not related to a class of nonrespiratory admissions, which served as a negative control, nor was it related to admissions in the winter-months of December to March, when ozone and sulfate levels are low and when people spend a considerable amount of time indoors. (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.