POPULATION GENETICS. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans.
POPULATION GENETICS. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.aab3884
复制
发表时间：
2015-08-21
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Willerslev E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raghavan M;Steinrücken M;Harris K;Schiffels S;Rasmussen S;DeGiorgio M;Albrechtsen A;Valdiosera C;Ávila-Arcos MC;Malaspinas AS;Eriksson A;Moltke I;Metspalu M;Homburger JR;Wall J;Cornejo OE;Moreno-Mayar JV;Korneliussen TS;Pierre T;Rasmussen M;Campos PF;de Barros Damgaard P;Allentoft ME;Lindo J;Metspalu E;Rodríguez-Varela R;Mansilla J;Henrickson C;Seguin-Orlando A;Malmström H;Stafford T Jr;Shringarpure SS;Moreno-Estrada A;Karmin M;Tambets K;Bergström A;Xue Y;Warmuth V;Friend AD;Singarayer J;Valdes P;Balloux F;Leboreiro I;Vera JL;Rangel-Villalobos H;Pettener D;Luiselli D;Davis LG;Heyer E;Zollikofer CPE;Ponce de León MS;Smith CI;Grimes V;Pike KA;Deal M;Fuller BT;Arriaza B;Standen V;Luz MF;Ricaut F;Guidon N;Osipova L;Voevoda MI;Posukh OL;Balanovsky O;Lavryashina M;Bogunov Y;Khusnutdinova E;Gubina M;Balanovska E;Fedorova S;Litvinov S;Malyarchuk B;Derenko M;Mosher MJ;Archer D;Cybulski J;Petzelt B;Mitchell J;Worl R;Norman PJ;Parham P;Kemp BM;Kivisild T;Tyler-Smith C;Sandhu MS;Crawford M;Villems R;Smith DG;Waters MR;Goebel T;Johnson JR;Malhi RS;Jakobsson M;Meltzer DJ;Manica A;Durbin R;Bustamante CD;Song YS;Nielsen R;Willerslev E
关于美洲是如何以及何时开始有人居住的问题仍然存在争议。利用古代和现代的全基因组数据，我们发现，所有现代美洲原住民的祖先，包括阿萨巴斯卡人和美洲印第安人，都是在不早于2.3万年前（KYA）从西伯利亚作为单一的移民浪潮进入美洲的，并且在白令吉亚的隔离期不超过8,000年。在他们到达美洲之后，祖先美洲原住民在大约13 KYA左右多样化为两个基本的遗传分支，一个现在分散在北美和南美，另一个仅限于北美。随后的基因流动导致一些美洲原住民与现在的东亚人（包括西伯利亚人）以及更远的澳大利亚-美拉尼西亚人共享祖先。假定的“古美洲”遗族，包括历史上的墨西哥Pericúes人和南美洲的Fuego-Patagonians人，并不像古美洲模型所建议的那样与现代澳美拉尼西亚人直接相关。
How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we find that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (KYA), and after no more than 8,000-year isolation period in Beringia. Following their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 KYA, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other is restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative ‘Paleoamerican’ relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericúes and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.