Determinants of Eco-innovations by Type of Environmental Impact: The Role of Regulatory Push/Pull, Technology Push and Market Pull
Determinants of Eco-innovations by Type of Environmental Impact: The Role of Regulatory Push/Pull, Technology Push and Market Pull
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.1805765
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发表时间：
2011-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Horbach;C. Rammer;K. Rennings
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Horbach;C. Rammer;K. Rennings
对环境创新决定因素的经验分析很少能够区分环境影响的不同领域。本文试图通过采用基于2009年进行的德国社区创新调查的新的和独特的数据集来缩小这一差距。本文的主要目的是检验不同类型的生态创新(根据其对环境的影响)是否受到不同因素的驱动。除了一组不同的供应、企业具体和需求因素的复杂集合外，关于环境创新决定因素的文献强调了监管、成本节约和客户利益的重要作用。我们发现，当前和预期的政府监管对于推动企业减少空气(如二氧化碳、二氧化硫或氮氧化物)以及水或噪音排放、避免有害物质和提高产品的可回收性尤为重要。节约成本是减少能源和材料使用的一个重要动机，表明能源和原材料价格以及税收作为生态创新的驱动力所起的作用。客户要求是生态创新的另一个重要来源，特别是在具有更好的环境性能的产品和提高材料效率、减少能源消耗和浪费以及使用危险物质的工艺创新方面。公司确认预期未来法规对所有环境产品创新的高度重要性。
Empirical analyses of the determinants of environmental innovations were rarely able to distinguish between different areas of environmental impacts. The paper tries to close this gap by employing a new and unique dataset based on the German Community Innovation Survey conducted in 2009. The main purpose of the paper is to test whether different types of eco-innovations (according to their environmental impacts) are driven by different factors. Besides a complex set of different supply, firm specific and demand factors, the literature on the determinants of environmental innovations accentuates the important role of regulation, cost savings and customer benefits. We find that current and expected government regulation is particularly important for pushing firms to reduce air (e.g. CO2, SO2 or NOx) as well as water or noise emissions, avoid hazardous substances and increase recyclability of products. Cost savings are an important motivation for reducing energy and material use, pointing to the role of energy and raw materials prices as well as taxation as drivers for eco-innovation. Customer requirements are another important source for eco-innovations, particularly with regard to products with improved environmental performance and process innovations that increase material efficiency, reduce energy consumption and waste and the use of dangerous substances. Firms confirm a high importance of expected future regulations for all environmental product innovations.