Difference in Web Construction Behavior at Newly Occupied Web Sites Between Two Cyclosa Species
Difference in Web Construction Behavior at Newly Occupied Web Sites Between Two Cyclosa Species
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0310.2004.00983.x
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发表时间：
2004-05
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Kensuke Nakata;A. Ushimaru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kensuke Nakata;A. Ushimaru
动物根据对环境的主观评估做出决定。为了确定它们未来的觅食活动，动物可能会从过去的觅食经验中评估食物的可用性。因此，觅食也是动物收集信息的一种方式，随着觅食活动的增加，评估的不确定性减少。这表明，对正确评估的不同需求可能会影响对觅食活动的投资。圆网蜘蛛有时会重新定位它们的网，不同物种的重新定位速度也不同。在蜘蛛网搬迁后，据报道，几种蜘蛛物种在新占领的网站上建造了第一批蜘蛛网，使用的蚕丝比平时少，这可能是为了避免在食物可获得性尚未确定的网站上过度投资的风险。尽管如此，由于决策不充分，它们的成本很高，如果用较少的丝绸构建网络，传递的信息就会减少，并增加评估的不确定性。我们预计，更强的网站韧性需要对网站的正确评估有更高的要求，蜘蛛在网站重新定位后减少第一张网中网丝的程度在使用同一网站时间较长的物种中较小。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了两种圆网蜘蛛--八瘤圆环蛛和银纹圆环蛛--的网结构。同时，我们发现这两个物种表现出不同的网站韧性，因为八瘤隐翅虫不像银纹夜蛾那样频繁地移动其网站。在人工诱导网重新定位后，银杏叶蝉构建的网最初较小，仅包含在原始站点构建的对照网的约2/3的丝。相比之下，八瘤隐翅虫在纤网大小或使用的蛛丝量方面没有表现出这样的减少。这一结果与我们的
Animals make decisions based on subjective assessments of their environment. To determine their future foraging activities, animals probablyassess food availabilityfrom past foraging experiences. Thus, foraging also functions as a wayfor animals to collect information, with the uncertaintyof an assessment decreasing as foraging activityincreases. This suggests that different needs for a correct assessment mayaffect the investment made in foraging activities. Orb-web spiders sometimes relocate their webs and relocation rate differs among species. After web relocation, several spider species have been reported to construct the first webs at newlyoccupied web sites using less silk than usual, possiblyto avoid the risk of an overinvestment at sites where food availabilityhas not been determined. Nevertheless, theymaypaya cost, because of inadequate decisionmaking, if webs constructed with less silk conveyless information and increase the uncertaintyof an assessment. We expect that stronger site tenacity necessitates a greater requirement for correct assessment of web site and the degree to which spiders reduce the amount of web silk in the first web after web relocation is smaller in species that use the same site longer. To test this hypothesis, we examined web construction in two orb-web spiders, Cyclosa octotuberculata and C. argenteoalba. At the same time we found that these two species exhibit different web-site tenacity, as C. octotuberculata does not relocate its webs as frequentlyas does C. argenteoalba. After artificiallyinduced web relocation, C. argenteoalba constructed webs that were initiallysmaller and contained onlyabout 2/3 of the silk in control webs that were constructed at the original site. In contrast, C. octotuberculata did not exhibit such decreases in web size or in the amount of web silk used. This result is consistent with our