Astaxanthin-Shifted Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice.
Astaxanthin-Shifted Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jn/nxaa222
复制
发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lei Wu;Yi Lyu;Ramkumar Srinivasagan;Jin-Long Wu;Babajide A. Ojo;Minghua Tang;Guadalupe Davila El-Rassi;Katherine Metzinger;Brenda J. Smith;E. Lucas;S. Clarke;Winyoo Chowanadisai;Xinchun Shen;Hui He;T. Conway;Johannes von Lintig-Johannes-von Lintig-2126121506;Dingbo Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lei Wu;Yi Lyu;Ramkumar Srinivasagan;Jin-Long Wu;Babajide A. Ojo;Minghua Tang;Guadalupe Davila El-Rassi;Katherine Metzinger;Brenda J. Smith;E. Lucas;S. Clarke;Winyoo Chowanadisai;Xinchun Shen;Hui He;T. Conway;Johannes von Lintig-Johannes-von Lintig-2126121506;Dingbo Lin
虾青素是一种红色亲脂类胡萝卜素，由于在典型的西方饮食中供应有限，在人血浆中通常检测不到。尽管其存在低于可检测浓度，但先前的临床喂养研究已经报道虾青素具有强大的抗氧化特性。目的研究野生型C57BL/6 J （WT）和β-胡萝卜素加氧酶2 （BCO2）敲除（KO）小鼠虾青素积累及其对肠道微生物群、炎症和全身代谢稳态的影响。方法给6周龄的雄性和雌性BCO2 KO和WT小鼠提供未纯化的AIN93M（如对照饲料）或添加0.04%虾青素（WT / WT）的对照饲料，随意饲喂8周。用间接量热法测量全身能量消耗。收集小鼠个体粪便进行短链脂肪酸评估。评估肝脏虾青素浓度和肝脏代谢标志物、盲肠肠道微生物群谱、结肠固有层炎症标志物和血浆样本。数据分析采用3-way方差分析，然后采用Tukey事后分析。结果BCO2 KO小鼠肝脏中虾青素含量是对照组的10倍（P < 0.05）。在微生物群组成方面，无论性别，BCO2的缺失与小鼠中Mucispirillum schaedleri丰度的显著增加有关。与喂食虾青素的WT小鼠相比，雄性KO小鼠的肝脏虾青素含量更高，同时肠道内的亲粘蛋白Akkermansia丰度增加了385%，血浆胰高血糖素样肽1增加了27%，血浆胰高血糖素和IL-1β分别降低了53%和30%，结肠NOD-、LRR-和pyrin结构域蛋白3 （NLRP3）炎性体激活率降低了23%（均P < 0.05）。结论：虾青素影响两性肠道微生物群组成，但仅在雄性小鼠中与局部和全身炎症、氧化应激和代谢稳态改善的减少有关。
BACKGROUND Astaxanthin is a red lipophilic carotenoid that is often undetectable in human plasma due to the limited supply in typical Western diets. Despite its presence at lower than detectable concentrations, previous clinical feeding studies have reported that astaxanthin exhibits potent antioxidant properties. OBJECTIVE We examined astaxanthin accumulation and its effects on gut microbiota, inflammation, and whole-body metabolic homeostasis in wild-type C57BL/6 J (WT) and β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) knockout (KO) mice. METHODS Six-wk-old male and female BCO2 KO and WT mice were provided with either nonpurified AIN93M (e.g., control diet) or the control diet supplemented with 0.04% astaxanthin (wt/wt) ad libitum for 8 wk. Whole-body energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Feces were collected from individual mice for short-chain fatty acid assessment. Hepatic astaxanthin concentrations and liver metabolic markers, cecal gut microbiota profiling, inflammation markers in colonic lamina propria, and plasma samples were assessed. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis. RESULTS BCO2 KO but not WT mice fed astaxanthin had ∼10-fold more of this compound in liver than controls (P < 0.05). In terms of the microbiota composition, deletion of BCO2 was associated with a significantly increased abundance of Mucispirillum schaedleri in mice regardless of gender. In addition to more liver astaxanthin in male KO compared with WT mice fed astaxanthin, the abundance of gut Akkermansia muciniphila was 385% greater, plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 was 27% greater, plasma glucagon and IL-1β were 53% and 30% lower, respectively, and colon NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation was 23% lower (all P < 0.05) in male KO mice than the WT mice. CONCLUSIONS Astaxanthin affects the gut microbiota composition in both genders, but the association with reductions in local and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and improvement of metabolic homeostasis only occurs in male mice.